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Data Management Issues in Electronic Commerce

Data Management Issues in Electronic Commerce. M. Tamer Özsu Department of Computing Science University of Alberta. What are the issues?. Catalog development Intelligent querying Workflow management EC transaction atomicity Management of distribution and heterogeneity.

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Data Management Issues in Electronic Commerce

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  1. Data Management Issues in Electronic Commerce M. Tamer Özsu Department of Computing Science University of Alberta

  2. What are the issues? • Catalog development • Intelligent querying • Workflow management • EC transaction atomicity • Management of distribution and heterogeneity

  3. Smart and Virtual Catalogs • Smart Catalog • Searchable, annotated combinations of machine-readable (i.e., minimally processable) and machine-sensible (i.e., actually understood by computer) product data • Virtual Catalog • Systems that dynamically retrieve information from multiple smart catalogs and present these product data in a unified manner with their own look and feel, not that of the smart catalog A. Keller, “Smart Catalogs and Virtual Catalogs”, In Readings in Electronic Commerce, R. Kakakota and A.B. Whinston (eds.), 1997, pp. 259-274.

  4. Issues and Challenges • Fully multimedia catalogs • Existing catalogs are mostly text-based virtual catalogs with embedded images • Add more support for modeling images for similarity searches • Add audio and video to provide product demonstrations, voice-overs and even commercials • Structured document databases (SGML,XML) + image databases + continuous media systems

  5. Issues and Challenges • More open virtual catalog environment • Single-vendor or proprietary virtual catalogs • “open” to more flexible integration of various vendor catalogs • Distribution • move to the Internet environment  scalability • provide search capabilities • Browsing-based access; limited search

  6. EC Transactions • Electronic commerce consists of processes which can be modeled as workflows. • Workflow: “A collection of tasks organized to accomplish some business process.” [D. Georgakopoulos]

  7. Workflow Types • Human-oriented workflows • Involve humans in performing the tasks. • System support for collaboration and coordination; but no system-wide consistency definition • System-oriented workflows • Computation-intensive & specialized tasks that can be executed by a computer • System support for concurrency control and recovery, automatic task execution, notification, etc. • Transactional workflows • In between the previous two; may involve humans, require access to heterogeneous, autonomous and/or distributed systems, ACID properties

  8. T6 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 Vendor Catalog Order Database Accounts Database Workflow Example T1: Search vendor catalog T4: Send shipping instructions T2: Place the order T5: Pay invoice T3: Receive proforma invoice T6: Receive goods

  9. EC Transaction Atomicity • “EC transaction” has a slightly different meaning • refers to the actual transaction of exchanging goods for money • Atomicity of this type of transaction is important

  10. Atomicity Types • Money atomicity • transfer of funds from one party to another without the possibility of the creation or destruction of money • Cash transaction • Goods atomicity • Money atomicity + exact transfer of goods for money • COD transactions • Certified delivery • Goods atomicity + both the merchant and the customer can prove exactly what goods were delivered

  11. NetBill NetBill Server (2) PO+ invoice (3) Approval Customer Merchant (1) Payment order (4) Delivery of goods

  12. Intelligent Querying • Passive queries • “Find me all Montblanc fountain pens whose price is < $500.” • Active queries • “Whenever a Montblanc fountain pen of 1920’s vintage becomes available for under $1000, let me know.” • Agent technology

  13. Issues • Distribution • Heterogeneity • Autonomy • Openness to Internet

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