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Causes of the Civil War

Causes of the Civil War. War between the States 1861-1865. U.S. 1819. Should Missouri be free or slave? Above the Ohio River=Free Below the Ohio River=Slave What about BESIDE the Ohio River? What about balance in the Senate?. Missouri Compromise of 1820 by Henry Clay.

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Causes of the Civil War

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  1. Causes of the Civil War War between the States 1861-1865

  2. U.S. 1819 • Should Missouri be free or slave? • Above the Ohio River=Free • Below the Ohio River=Slave • What about BESIDE the Ohio River? • What about balance in the Senate?

  3. Missouri Compromise of 1820 by Henry Clay • Missouri will be slave • Maine will be free • 36-30’ line will divide the free and slave parts of the Louisiana Territory. North of that latitude will be FREE. South of that latitude will be SLAVE.

  4. Abolitionists

  5. William Lloyd Garrison the editor of the Liberator I am aware that many object to the severity of my language; but is there not cause for severity? I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or to speak, or write, with moderation. No! No! Tell a man whose house is on fire to give a moderate alarm; tell him to moderately rescue his wife from the hands of the ravisher; tell the mother to gradually extricate her babe from the fire into which it has fallen; – but urge me not to use moderation in a cause like the present. I am in earnest – I will not equivocate – I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – AND I WILL BE HEARD. The apathy of the people is enough to make every statue leap from its pedestal, and to hasten the resurrection of the dead. William Lloyd Garrison

  6. Nat Turner’s Rebellion 1831 In Virginia August 1831 About 60 whites were killed 100-200 slaves were killed This creates a climate of FEAR in the South. Illegal to teach free and enslaved blacks to read and write!

  7. The Underground Railroad • 1840 to 1860 • More than 100,000 slaves escape to the North. • Many continue to Canada • To the South, this was “grand theft auto!” • Harriet Tubman was the most famous conductor on the “railroad.”

  8. The U.S. in 1848 • After the Mexican Cession of 1848 • Should the new land be slave or free?

  9. Compromise of 1850 by Henry Clay • 1. California is admitted as a free state. • 2. The slave trade is banned in Washington D.C. • 3. New Mexico and Utah will use popular sovereignty to determine their status (slave or free). • 4. Strict Fugitive slave law passed.

  10. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 • Written by Harriett Beecher Stowe • Showed the evils of slavery • Uncle Tom– was a Christ like slave • Simon Legree—was an evil master • North— “Slavery is EVIL! • South—”Those are LIES!”

  11. Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

  12. Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854--click for video • By Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois • Popular Sovereignty • The people of THAT state will vote to be a SLAVE or FREE state.

  13. Bleeding Kansas 1854-1861 click for video • Fighting between pro-slavery and anti-slavery forces • “mini-civil war” • John Brown massacres 5 pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Kansas.

  14. Fight in Congress 1856

  15. Fight in Congress “Senator Butler has chosen a mistress. I mean the harlot, slavery.” – Charles Sumner • "Mr. Sumner, I have read your speech twice over carefully. It is a libel on South Carolina, and Mr. Butler, who is a relative of mine." Preston Brooks • Preston Brooks used his cane to beat Charles Sumner. • Congressmen fighting!

  16. Dred Scott 1857 • Dred Scott was a slave to an Army Doctor • He was taken from a slave state (Missouri) to a free territory (Wisconsin) • Shouldn’t he be free? • Case goes to the US Supreme Court.

  17. http://www.chestercomix.com/images/comics/slavery-1.gif

  18. Douglas- Popular Sovereignty • Lincoln— “Our country can’t survive half SLAVE-half FREE”

  19. John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry, October 1859

  20. John Brown’s Raid on Harpers Ferry, October 1859 • Tried to seize control of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry Virginia • Give the guns to slaves “Go kill whitey.” • Captured, put on trial and hanged. • North—”poor man, he’s a saint” • South— “He’s the devil!” “Kill Whitey? Hey! I’M WHITEY!”

  21. Election of 1860--click for results by counties

  22. Election of 1860 • Abraham Lincoln (Republican) won without a single southern state. • South fears that he’ll end slavery. • South Carolina secedes first—Dec 20, 1860 • Start seizing Union forts in the South.

  23. Fort Sumter 1861 • Col. Anderson takes his Union troops to the new Fort Sumter in Charleston SC • Union supply ship USS Star of the West is fired upon • The Civil War begins.

  24. Fort Sumter Surrenders to the Confederacy • 1 Union soldier died of a heart attack • No Confederate losses • It’s on like Donkey Kong.

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