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Seasonal and annual variability in tropical ecosystems

Seasonal and annual variability in tropical ecosystems. Factors determining reproductive phenology of plants in rainforests. Supra-annual variability in flowering in tropical trees. Andira inermis. Fruiting seasonality: intra-population variability. Shrubs on Barro Colorado Island.

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Seasonal and annual variability in tropical ecosystems

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  1. Seasonal and annual variability in tropical ecosystems

  2. Factors determining reproductive phenology of plants in rainforests

  3. Supra-annual variability in flowering in tropical trees Andira inermis

  4. Fruiting seasonality: intra-population variability Shrubs on Barro Colorado Island

  5. Fruiting seasonality in a seasonal forest (Barro Colorado Island) Dry season

  6. Temporal correlation between leaf flush and fruiting Bimass of primates (kg/ha): America 5-7, Asia 8-28, Africa 7-23

  7. Heliconia spp. in Costa Rica: staggered flowering to reduce competition for hummingbird pollinators

  8. Dipterocarps: mass flowering at irregular intervals of 2-10 years [El Nino years]

  9. Lowland mixed dipterocarp forests SE Asia

  10. Annual variability in dipterocarp seeds (“illipe nuts”) exports El Nino [marked from 1969]

  11. Dipterocarp seeds: • large, energy rich (used as a source of cooking oil) • poorly protected chemically • wind dispersed

  12. SE |Asian forests: many tree species join dipterocarps in their supra-annual mass flowering cycle

  13. Temperature drops by >2oC for at least 3 nights identified as a cue for mass flowering of dipterocarps

  14. Dipterocarps are pollinated by insects (thrips, beetles) Sakai et al. (1999)

  15. Parashorea tomentella: seedling cohorts following mass fruiting

  16. Length of active season of adult Homoptera on Barro Colorado Island

  17. Cicada emergence in lowland rainforest, Costa Rica Diceroprocta sp.

  18. Insect seasonality on Luehea seemannii, a lowland rainforest tree

  19. Seasonal patterns of leaf production and herbivory in a lowland seasonal forest (Barro Colorado island)

  20. Dry forest during dry season, Queensland Tropical extreme seasonal, i.e. monsoonal, forest during dry season. Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Lyn Webb image.

  21. Dry x humid forests: leaf fall seasonality

  22. Dry x humid forests: leaf life span

  23. A deciduous emergent tree in lowland forest, Queensland Deciduos emergents. Queensland. Lyn Webb photo

  24. Increased amount of leaf litter during dry season, Queensland Deep leaf litter on floor of tropical monsoon forest at end of dry winter season, Queensland. Lyn Webb photo

  25. Sand dunes: an example of a strongly seasonal tropical environment Extensive horizontal roots and deep tap-root of Eucalyptus sp. in sand dunes, strongly seasonal in tropics. Queensland. Len Webb photo.

  26. Acer sp. in montane rainforest in Vietnam: one of a few deciduous species there

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