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Enzymes

Enzymes. Who cares? . Enzymes . speed up chemical reactions put chemicals together (synthesis reactions) break chemicals apart (decomposition). Chemical Reactions. Like…. Cell Respiration. Photosynthesis. Fermentation. C 6 H 12 O 6 CH 3 CH 2 OH + CO 2 + ATP glucose ethanol.

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes Who cares?

  2. Enzymes • speed up chemical reactions • put chemicals together (synthesis reactions) • break chemicals apart (decomposition)

  3. Chemical Reactions Like….

  4. Cell Respiration

  5. Photosynthesis

  6. Fermentation C6H12O6 CH3CH2OH + CO2+ ATP glucose ethanol

  7. Enzymes are proteins • Organic molecules • Made up of amino acids • Proteins are coded for by genes made of DNA

  8. Enzymes

  9. Enzymes are specific • Enzymes have a particular shape designed for their substrate • Only work at certain pH or temperature

  10. The Enzyme Hall of Fame Powerful proteins!

  11. Lactase

  12. Lactase • Breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars • Lactose is the sugar in milk

  13. Lactaid • Artificial form of lactase • Taken in pill or drop form by those who are “lactose intolerant” • Those who do not synthesize enough lactase

  14. Sucrase

  15. Amylase Glucoamylase Alpha-amylase

  16. The role of amylase

  17. Rubisco • Found in plants and algae • Takes CO2 molecules and combines them into glucose • Most abundant enzyme on Earth

  18. Digestive System • Breaks down large molecules into small molecules • Small molecules like glucose can be absorbed into the blood • Large molecules like starch are too big to be absorbed

  19. Photosynthesis

  20. The site of Photosynthesis: the chloroplast

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