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The Kingdom of Egypt

The Kingdom of Egypt. Chapter 3 Section 1. Key Terms. Delta Cataracts Menes Pharaoh Theocracy . Bureaucracy Hatshepsut Ramses the Great. Geography and Early Egypt. Nile River Flows through the Sahara Desert Flooded every year Floods were predictable Left silt for farming.

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The Kingdom of Egypt

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  1. The Kingdom of Egypt Chapter 3 Section 1

  2. Key Terms • Delta • Cataracts • Menes • Pharaoh • Theocracy • Bureaucracy • Hatshepsut • Ramses the Great

  3. Geography and Early Egypt • Nile River • Flows through the Sahara Desert • Flooded every year • Floods were predictable • Left silt for farming

  4. Geography and Early Egypt • Delta-area at the mouth of a river , triangle shaped • Sahara difficult to cross • Limited invaders • Cataracts-series of rocks in the river, no boats

  5. Two Kingdoms • 5,000 BC farming villages • Lower Egypt the delta • Upper Egypt the cataracts • Menes unified kingdom 3100BC, first dynasty • Wore a crown red and white

  6. The Old Kingdom • Third Dynasty stable rule 2650BC • The Pyramids • Tombs for rulers • Treasures buried • Smooth sided built later • Started as soon as the became pharaoh

  7. The Old Kingdom • Most pyramids built by peasants, not slaves • People required to work for one month • Received food, clothing and shelter • Crafts people were hired

  8. The Pharaohs • Pharaoh- means great house • Had absolute power • Owned all the land • Their word was law • They were gods • Ceremonies for everything • Theocracy-a state ruled by religious figures

  9. Egyptian Bureaucracy • A highly structured organization managed by officials • Acted on Pharaohs wishes • Vizier- most powerful official • Passed down

  10. Egyptian Bureaucracy • Governors • Irrigation supervisors • Census takers • Tax collectors • Crop inspectors

  11. The Middle Kingdom • Powerful nobles came to power • Old Kingdom collapsed • Middle Kingdom increased trade • Phoenicians, Minoans, Nubians • Armies secure trade routes • Hyksos invaded

  12. The New Kingdom • Hyksos ruled for 100 years • Desert and sea no longer protection • Built powerful military • Headed south to Nubia • Conquered Kush • Controlled from southern Nubia to Euphrates

  13. Reign of Hatshepsut • Was a female ruler • Increased trade • Only woman to be Pharaoh • Huge trading expeditions • Nephew destroyed almost all record of her

  14. Monotheism in Egypt • Amenhotep IV • Akhenaten to worship only the sun god Aten • Banned worship of other gods • Ordered god images destroyed • King Tut restores original worship

  15. Ramses the Great • Led army to confront the Hittites • Lost battle • Two armies sign a truce • Married a Hittite princess • Built more monuments and temples • Most admired

  16. Egypt’s Decline • Sea people’s invaded • Brought end to Hittites and weakened Egypt • Egypt broke into small states • Over 700 years many rulers • Alexander the Great conquers Egypt

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