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3.2: England in the Chesapeake

3.2: England in the Chesapeake. A. Roanoke (N.C.). First attempt at English colonization occurred in Roanoke, 1584-87. Ended in failure theory – those who survived incorporated themselves w/natives. 5. Food issues “Starving Times” 6. Peace, Pocahontas, Rolfe?. Virginia Company

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3.2: England in the Chesapeake

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  1. 3.2: England in the Chesapeake

  2. A. Roanoke (N.C.) • First attempt at English colonization occurred in Roanoke, 1584-87. • Ended in failure • theory – those who survived incorporated themselves w/natives.

  3. 5. Food issues “Starving Times” 6. Peace, Pocahontas, Rolfe? Virginia Company a. What was it? b. Natives considered… Powhatan Confederacy Political systems Mixed views towards Europeans English led by.. Failed at initial goals…(video clip) B. Jamestown and the Powhatan Confederacy (1607)

  4. B. Tobacco, Expansion and Warfare • Tobacco • Why tobacco? • drawbacks • Therefore, headright grants*given by Va. Co. • Frontiers of exclusion • Va. Co. bankrupt = royal colony

  5. House of Burgesses (1619) Population of English and Algonquians? B. Tobacco, Expansion and Warfare con’t

  6. Contrast w/Virginia? a. Proprietary colony b. Religion Compare w/Va.? a. tobacco b. Headright system C. Maryland

  7. D. Indentured Servants (IS) • 75% of Chesapeake population • Contract of IS? • Background • Why not slaves at this time? • 2/5th • Freedom dues /westward • Return to England

  8. E. Community Life/Chesapeake • Mortality rates across gender? How do women benefit? • Living conditions? • Connection to motherland?

  9. 3.3: The New England Colonies

  10. A. Social and Political Values of Puritanism • Who are Puritans/Calvinist? • Supported by (m/e/cf)? • Agents of economic and social change in England= • Conflicted w/traditional communities • Want to monitor ___ 6. King Charles I (1625-49) a. married Catholic; repressed religious freedoms = c. ?

  11. B. Early Contacts in New England • Previously controlled by French • English able to colonized due to…? a. decimation of NA population b. No one to defend lands

  12. C. Plymouth Colony and the Mayflower Compact (1620) • Pilgrims/Separatists • Led by…(WB) • Mayflower Compact? • First winter? Who helped? • Accomplishment as a community? a. Self-sufficiency b. 11 communities

  13. Mass. Bay Company Led by… 3. Goal “city on a hill” Great migration 1629-1643 City of Boston est. (1630) General Court established; freemen D. Massachusetts Bay Colony

  14. E. Indians and Puritans • Winthrop’s philosophy; “unused lands” • Who says they can take it? • Underhanded tactics for lands • Disease • Puritans considered too violent by natives

  15. F. New England Merchants • Puritan Oliver Cromwell and the ECW Long-term consequence of ECW on colonies? • New markets due to decline of “newcomers” = • Diversified economy

  16. G. Community and Family in Massachusetts • Communities: well-ordered; social hierarchy; strong sense of community • Families & marriage: patriarchal; sexual exp. • Education: > 50 families; no girls • Puritan ideology re: women? (video clip) a. Subordinate b. Avg. 8 kids c. Salem witch trials

  17. Those who did not agree completely w/Puritans dev own communities Roger Williams separation of church and state Negotiate w/native for land Founded Providence, RI Anne Hutchinson vocal; assertive; criticized Boston ministers H. Dissent and New Communities

  18. 3.4: The Proprietary Colonies

  19. A. Carolina (today's N.C.) • Government • Governor • assembly • S.C. (1670) • Immigrants from Barbados • w/slaves (1670’s)

  20. B. From New Netherland to New York • Trade and Navigation Act passed by Britain Barred Dutch vessels from English colonial possessions • Resulted in several naval wars w/Dutch (1652-1674) • England to dominate the Atlantic • Mercantilism at its finest!

  21. America’s Breadbasket Founded by…(WP, Jr.) Proprietary colony (PC) Quakers/Society of Friends Frame of Government Religious freedom Civil liberties Elected representation 6. Relations w/natives? C. Founding of Pennsylvania

  22. 3.5: Conflict and War

  23. A. “King Philip’s” War (1675-76) 1. Who is King Philip? Metacom, son of Massasoit, who had original alliance w/pilgrims 2. Want Metacom to give up lands 3. Iroquois Confederacy sided w/English a. they continued to be middle men between Dutch and English; b. control region w/in native tribes 4. Ended the last strong resistance against the English

  24. Led by… (NB) What did he want? What did Gov. Berkeley do? What does Bacon do in response? -Who helped him? Started w/natives ended w/Va. Gov’t. LTC? B. Bacon’s Rebellion (article)

  25. C. The Effects of the Glorious Revolution in America • Colonial gov’t too powerful = King abolishes charter gov’t = • NE, NY, NJ become Dominion of New England • King replaced by Protestant daughter Mary of Orange • England becomes a constitutional monarchy w/Bill of Rights and colonist return to self-govt • Period of salutary neglect takes place Presentation of The Declaration Of Rights

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