Cristina ANANASSO Laura CANDELA Giovanni RUM Earth Observation Unit

1. Italian Space AgencyResearch and Development activities on Risk ManagementSeismic and Volcanic Risk Cristina ANANASSO Laura CANDELA Giovanni RUM Earth Observation Unit REMOTE SENSING WORKSHOP ON THE MONITORING OF ACTIVE VOLCANOES, DETECTION AND TRACKING OF VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALERT SYSTEMS FOR AVIATION HAZARDS CORDOBA, November 23-27, 2004

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE • Earth Observation Unit’s Mission • ASI work in progess • Some results from the feasibility studies on Volcanic Risks • ASI & USERS partnership: Department of Civil Defence • SIASGE and COSMO - SkyMed

3. Mission of Earth Observation Unit(Piano Spaziale Nazionale 2003-2005) To improve with a continuative effort in the research and innovation fields the knowledge of the Earth system, to set up more and more reliable models for the forecast, the monitoring and the management of the natural and antropic phenomena, with a particular attention to natural disaster. Applicative products

4. Work in progress and planned activities on Risk Management Applications • Feasibility studies (phase A - ECSS): • Volcanic risk • Seismic risk • Air Quality • Preliminary projects (phase B – ECSS): • Flood • Landslides • Forest fires • Oil spill • Related projects: • Earth Observation Centro di Competenza for the Italian Civil Defence Department • SIASGE and COSMO-SkyMed perspective ECSS: European Cooperation for Space Standardization

5. Seismic and Volcanic Risk applications • Phase A studies – feasibility studies (two for each application) • Studies were selected on a competitive basis (July 2003) – Call for Proposal • 3 steps • Phase 1 – Problem analysis and identification of applicative scenarios • Phase 2 – System concepts identification and EO role • Phase 3 – Feasibility evaluation and Preliminary Development plan • Milestones • ADR (Application Definition Review) t0 + 2m • INR (INtermediate Review) t0 + 4m • PRR (Preliminary Requirements Review) t0 + 6m

6. Aspected results from the feasibility studies • Analysis of the national and international scenarios • Users’ requirements identification • EO’s role identification • Proposal for a functional architecture of the application • Technical, scientific and economical feasibility evaluation of the application

7. ASI applications development plan Duration Status Feasibility study March - September 2004 6 m. Preliminary Project KO: December 2004 (??) 6 m. Pilot projects development Sviluppo Progettopilota 2-3 y. Pre-op. demonstration on test site Dimostrazione pre-operativa su test site Operations

8. …some results fromFeasibility Studies onVolcanic Risks • Observational System for Monitoring and Management of Volcanic Risk- INGV 2. Feasibility study of the applicative product Volcanic Risk - ESRI ITALIA SpA

9. 1. Observational System for Monitoring and Management of Volcanic Risk • Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia – Dott.ssa M.F. Buongiorno • IREA-CNR • ACS • TRE • DATAMAT • GALILEOAVIONICA • IMAA

12. Proposed satellite data

13. Proposed products (1/2)

14. Effusion Rate X X Plumes Components X X X X X LANDSAT ASTER, HYPERION, AVHRR DEM LUT Mappe di distrib. e conc. di SO2 X X Split Window X X X HYPERION, MODIS radiosonde CIBR Mappe di contenuto colonnare di H2O X X X X X X X X QUICKBIRD, ASTER, HYPERION, MODIS, MERIS DEM Radiosonde Calibration parameters di calibrazione AOT Mappe di AOT X X Damage estimate X X X X X X X X SPOT, IKONOS, LANDSAT, QUICKBIRD, ASTER, HYPERION MIVIS Ground measurements Mappe di distrib. dei danni X Warning Multi-parametric interpretation (EO temporal series + Ground network temporal series ) X Proposed products (2/2)

15. System Architecture

16. …some results fromFeasibility Studies onVolcanic Risks • Observational System for Monitoring and Management of Volcanic Risk- INGV 2. Feasibility study of the applicative product Volcanic Risk - ESRI ITALIA SpA

17. ESRI ITALIA SpA – Dott.ssa Paola Salvestrini • Dipartimento di Scienza Geologiche, Università di Roma Tre • Gallileo Sistemi • Sarmap s.a. • Space to Earth Technology s.r.l. • Data collection: • EO data • ground measurements • storical series data • Information management • Database creation • Processing/ Elaboration Operational scenarios and data provider and analysis

18. Costellazione satelliti SEGMENTO SPAZIALE Programmazione Acquisizioni dati Telemetria e Telecomando Richieste Centro Controllo Satelliti CCS Centro Pianificazione e Controllo Missione CPCM Stazione TT&C Piani di acquisizione Dati EO Piani di Acquisizione dati Richieste di acquisizione dati Stazione Multimissione per Ricezione Diretta dei dati da satelliti EO Help Desk Catalogo e Browser Multimissione di stazione Archivio dati storici Richieste Prodotti Standard Richieste Programmazione Acquisizione Dati Prodotti Standard Livello 0 Livello 1 SEGMENTO TERRENO 2 3 1 Catalogo e Browser Rischio Vulcanico Archivio prodotti standard e V. A. di EO e dati dai sensori a terra per Applicazione Rischio Vulcanico Utilizzatori Utilizzatori Utilizzatori Prodotti V. A. Prodotti V. A. Processing prodotti V. A. per Applicazione Rischio Vulcanico Dati dai sensori a terra Banca Dati Applicazione Rischio Vulcanico GIS Prodotti Standard EO Dati dai sensori a terra GESTORI ED UTILIZZATORI DELL'APPLICAZIONE System Architecture Utilizzatori

19. Decisional Support System (DSS): • base functions for the Volcanic Risk • Data Collection • Information Selection : selection and validation of data • Data & Information Organization (how to produce and organize correct information to the final users) • Information Search & Distribution: how to provide the correct information to the final users

20. ASI & USERS partnership

21. User as a key-actor • Methods for user choice : • Representativeness • Political influence • Promotional possibilities • National institutions (as a guide) • Sub-national (operative) organizations • Fundamental contributions: • User requirements consolidation • Auxiliary data availability and validation • Service quality assessment • Results divulgation contribution Users requirements  EO requirements

22. Users’ roles • Identification of priorities (respect to different risks, test sites and so on) • Requirements for products, services, service case identification (user requirements) • Reference architecture of national system (at national/regional level) • Interface requirements vs. the operational infrastructure • Integration in the operational systems of EO developed products/services • Assessment of products and procedures • Joint partecipation international initiatives

23. The Italian Civil Defence Department for risk management applications • Landslides • Floods • Fires • Seismic risk • Volcanic risk

24. Activities in charge to the Civil Defence • The Italian Civil Protection activities are the following (Italian Law 225/92): • Forecasting • activity devoted to analyze the causes of disaster events, to identify the risks and to detect the risks areas • Prevention • activity whose aim is to reduce damages due to the disaster events also taking into account the knowledge gained during the forecasting activities. • Assistance • all interventions whose aim is to ensure the elementary assistance to the population • Emergency management and overcoming • all the needed interventions for pursuing the achievement of acceptable quality of life conditions

25. Identified Needs in term of Geo-spatial Information, Products and Services At national level to carry out the forecasting, prevention and emergency management activities (Italian Law 225/92) needs: • Assessment: • Hazards and general territorial information mapping • Prevention and risk reduction: • Territory classification map for: • building codes/rules • land use planning • priority intervention areas map • Emergency management: • Involved areas map • Event trend map in real time • Meteorological data in real time

26. event location • risk assessment • needs, requirements, procedures & guide lines • risk mitigation through monitoring system • emergency plans • Contrast actions • aid organisation • damage assessment Civil Protection Activity Prevention Forecasting & Surveillance Emergency management

27. Centri Funzionali (CFSE) Centre for Forecasting and Surveillance of Effects to support the civil protection Authority decisions (CFSE) CFSE are the operative support units, which are able to collect, elaborate and exchange every kind of data meteorological, hydrological data for hydro-geological and hydraulic risks, which provides a multiple support system for decisions Centri di Competenza (CTS) Centre for Technological and Scientific services , development and transfer (CTS) CTS are Institutions which provide services, information, data, elaboration, technical and scientific contributions for specifictopics.

28. The Functional Centre Network “CENTRI FUNZIONALI”: designed structures for the activities of technical support to the civilprotection decision 21 regional centres 10 of those already fully operating 1 Primary Functional Centres 2 “Centres for Technological and Scientific services ”

29. ASI as EO data provider for DPC ASI will • provide, integrate, process, analyze, qualify and distribute EO data useful for the Civil Defence System CC-EO= Centro di Competenza for Earth Observation

30. Expected Benefits from using Earth Observation • Continuous monitoring (overview) of territory; • Ready-to-use and geo-referenced data for GIS systems; • Updated and fast delivered information; • Wide and homogeneous areas inspection (same details for whole territory); • Availability of long period dataset (for historical analysis); • Improving of emergency management for few and well identified event (flood, atmospheric and water pollution) • Ex.Boundaries of flooded areasLand displacement due to subsidence or active faultsRiver network, dams and reservoir census

31. How ASI can support risk management • Central role in managing the EO information, data archiving and satellite products (CC-EO) • Developing • multimission data acquisition infrastructure • data catalogue and archive • data distribution • User requirements collection • Supporting users with EO products • Stipulating international agreement to access existing data archive and future data acquisition • Provide information from existing satellite missions to final users

32. SIASGE Sistema Italo-Argentino per la Gestione delle Emergenze

33. SIASGE (1/2) • About 3 years of joint evaluation and studies on Italian and Argentinean priorities on applications devoted to risk management • COSMO-SkyMed, 4 satellites, radar X- band from ASI • SAOCOM, 2 satellites, radar L- band from CONAE • Data exchange for istitutional porpouses • Joint development of products and services for applicative use with X- and L- radar data. SIASGE L + X BAND COSMO- SkyMed X- band SAOCOM L- band

34. SIASGE applications (2/2) Defined in both National Space Plan (PSN for ASI and PEN for CONAE) • Baseline applications: • Floods • Landslides • Oil spill • Fires • Seismology • Volcanology • Other applications: • Resources management applications • Environmental management applications • Maritime topographic mapping • Science applications

35. COSMO-SkyMed mission

36. Mission statement • COSMO-SkyMed is an end-to-end Earth Observation System dedicated to the Earth remote sensing and data exploitation for Dual (military and civil) Use applications. • Main mission objective is therefore the provision of data, products and services relevant to the: • monitoring, surveillance and intelligence applications; • environmental monitoring, surveillance and risk management applications of institutional entities; • environmental resources management, maritime management, earth topographic mapping, law enforcement, informative / science applications of other institutional, scientific and commercial entities. • COSMO-SkyMed, funded by the Italian Ministry of Research and Ministry of Defence and conducted by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), appears to be the first System (and mission) capable to fully meet the requirements for management, control and exploitation of Earth resources

37. COSMO-SkyMed Mission features COSMO-SkyMed Mission answers to users needs and to the market demand. It is characterized by the following peculiar features:

38. COSMO-SkyMed Overall Performance • The System guarantees: • Very short response time to access any Earth location worldwide (<18/24 h) • Revisit times less than 12 hours allowing multiple points of view (angles) • Priority (planning) and Security Management • Very accurate geo-location • A variety of sizes and resolutions are available up to meter and sub-meter resolution products • Up to 1800 images with such resolutions can be acquired each day with the full 4 X-Band SAR Satellites Constellation Access area : 1150 Km ground cross track, corresponding to pointing angles between 20° and 57°, left and right looking

39. COSMO-SkyMed SAR Operational Modes FLIGHT DIRECTION SWATH HUGEREGION 100 m resolution on 200 km WIDEREGION 30 m resolution on 100 km PINGPONG 15 m resol. on 30 km SPOTLIGHT High resol on 10 km HIMAGE 3-15 m resol. on 40 km

40. COSMO-SkyMed – Examples of applications • Land • Mapping (including rapid mapping, precision mapping, DEM’s) • Change detection (land) • Terrain movements (subsidence, landslides) • Sea/ocean • Oil spill and vessels detection & monitoring • Coastline monitoring

41. Thanks for your time… Cristina cristina.ananasso@asi.it