1 / 18

Intro to Protein Synthesis

Intro to Protein Synthesis. 6.1. Establishing a Link . Between genes and protein Archibald Garrod Studied patients with alcaptonuria A disease that causes urine to turn black when exposed to air Caused by increased levels of homogentisic acid in urine. Garrod’s Conclusions.

torie
Download Presentation

Intro to Protein Synthesis

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Intro to Protein Synthesis 6.1

  2. Establishing a Link... • Between genes and protein Archibald Garrod • Studied patients with alcaptonuria • A disease that causes urine to turn black when exposed to air • Caused by increased levels of homogentisic acid in urine

  3. Garrod’s Conclusions • Discovered that the build of up the acid was due to a defective enzyme • Some patients were blood relatives • Disease caused by a recessive inheritance factor that produced a defective enzyme • Thus there is a link between genes and proteins

  4. Beadle & Tatum • 1941 – George Beadle & Edward Tatum • Wanted to figure out if all enzymes in a biochemical pathway were controlled by one gene, or if one gene controlled the production of one enzyme

  5. Beadle & Tatum • Performed experiments with bread mould • Came up with the one-gene/one-polypeptide hypothesis Pg 245

  6. Pg 245

  7. Pg 245

  8. Pg 245

  9. Frederick Sanger • 1953 – showed that proteins consist of amino acids linked together • Each protein has a particular amino acid sequence

  10. How was information in the DNA sequence converted to the amino acid sequence of a protein?

  11. mRNA • Messenger RNA • Hypothesized in 1961 by Francois Jacob & Jacques Monod • Contains the genetic info of a gene • Carries info to the protein synthesis machinery in the cytoplasm

  12. The Genetic Code • Allows the nucleotide sequence of mRNA to be converted to the amino acid sequence of a protein • 4 bases found in mRNA -code for 20 amino acids

  13. The Genetic Code Triplet Hypothesis • Codon-sequence of 3 bases found in mRNA that codes for a particular amino acid. • 64 possible combinations (43=64) (redundancy in genetic code-minimizes errors that may lead to mutations.

  14. The Genetic Code • Start codon – signals initiation of polypeptide (AUG, methionine) • Stop codon – signals termination of polypeptide (UAA, UAG, UGA)

  15. Figure 6.1 page 248

  16. Gene Expression • The synthesis of a protein based on the DNA sequence of a gene Pg 249

  17. The Central Dogma • States that DNA carries the genetic information which is transcribed to RNA and then translated to protein DNA rNA protein

  18. Pg 249

More Related