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Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs. Ed McCorduck English 402--Grammar SUNY Cortland http://mccorduck.cortland.edu. slide 2: definition of phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs are idioms consisting of a verb and a particle .

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Phrasal Verbs

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  1. Phrasal Verbs Ed McCorduck English 402--Grammar SUNY Cortland http://mccorduck.cortland.edu

  2. slide 2: definition of phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs are idioms consisting of a verb and a particle. idiom: a phrase that has a meaning different from that of the combination of the words that comprise it particle: usually a preposition but sometimes an adverb English 402: Grammar

  3. slide 3: alternative terms in use for phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs are sometimes called prepositional verbs (but not accurate when the particle is not a preposition, hence these are also known as phrasal/prepositional verbs) two-word verbs multi-word verbs (because some consist of more than two words, e.g., put up with) English 402: Grammar

  4. check out get out give in give up give away fall through slide 4: examples of phrasal verbs examples of phrasal verbs speak up fill out get out go down get up fire away put up with go out for get away with English 402: Grammar

  5. slide 5: demonstration of the difference between a phrasal verb and a verb plus adverb or PP compare: The balloon floated up. adverbial of place Jack ran up the stairs. preposition, head of the PP up the stairs Jill threw up. particle in the phrasal verb throw up (= vomit) English 402: Grammar

  6. slide 6: Reed-Kellogg diagrams of sentences with phrasal verbs In Reed-Kellogg diagrams, the verb and the particle(s) of a phrasal verb are put together on the main line with no separating line. For example, here is the diagram of the sentence The food ran out quickly containing the phrasal verb run out which means something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become depleted’: English 402: Grammar

  7. slide 7: diagrams of sentences with phrasal verbs compared to those with verbs plus adverbials Compare the previous diagram to the following one of the sentence The balloon floated up quickly which contains the verb run followed by the adverb up (actually, this same diagram serves also for the sentence The balloon floated quickly up, once more illustrating the relative flexibility in the positioning of adverbials and giving more evidence of the adverbial status of up in this use): English 402: Grammar

  8. slide 8: the movability test To determine if a particle following a verb “belongs to” that verb in a phrasal verb combination or whether the particle is an adverb or is a preposition heading a following prepositional phrase, you can use the so-called movability test. To do perform this test, try moving the particle and any word or phrase following it to the front of the sentence. If the resulting sentence is grammatical, you know that you have either a verb followed by an adverbial or a prepositional phrase; if the sentence is ungrammatical, this indicates that verb-particle combination is in fact a phrasal verb. English 402: Grammar

  9. grammatical, therefore run out is not a phrasal verb here grammatical, therefore run out is not a phrasal verb here slide 9: the movability test in action exx The man ran out. ⇒ Out the man ran. The man ran out the door. ⇒ Out the door the man ran. English 402: Grammar

  10. ungrammatical, therefore run out is a phrasal verb here (meaning something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become gone’) ungrammatical, therefore run out is a phrasal verb here (meaning something like ‘become exhausted’ or ‘become gone’) slide 10: examples of the application of the movability test revealing a phrasal verb but The money ran out. ⇒ *Out the money ran. The money ran out quickly. ⇒ *Out quickly the money ran. English 402: Grammar

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