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Systems Analysis

Systems Analysis. Agenda. Why Systems Analysis? Precursors of Analysis The Process of Systems Analysis The Products of Systems Analysis Summing It Up. All systems have a life cycle. Start with “using”. Use of a System. Generally a change in the environment uncovers needs. Change.

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Systems Analysis

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  1. Systems Analysis MIS 524

  2. Agenda • Why Systems Analysis? • Precursors of Analysis • The Process of Systems Analysis • The Products of Systems Analysis • Summing It Up MIS 524

  3. All systems have a life cycle. Start with “using” Use of a System Generally a change in the environment uncovers needs Change These needs are manifested in suboptimal action Implications of Change Reaction to Implications A match must be found between what is and what should or can be Why Systems Analysis MIS 524

  4. Accumulate experience with a system Use of a System Notice gap, document it Change Try to characterize gap systematically Implications of Change Reaction to Implications Describe what has to be changed to cope Basic Problem Solving See Think Say MIS 524

  5. Precursors of Analysis • Experience with existing system • There might not be an existing system • Environment or system changes • Neither is more likely • Someone notices or anticipates effects of changes • A systematic study is called for MIS 524

  6. T I M E Process of Systems Analysis • Document current system • Detail “symptoms” • Determine alternatives • Evaluate alternatives (feasibility) • Select or prioritize alternatives • Create logical design (functions) • Create physical design (processes) User Involvement MIS 524

  7. Activities in the Process • Detailed observation of users • Interviews with users • Economic, process evaluation • Feasibility study (time, money, will, technical) • Alternative evaluation • Charting, functional specification • Process design MIS 524

  8. Roles in the Process • Client and client management • Users (current and/or planned) • Other stakeholders • Systems analysts • Facilitators • Prototypers* or builders * In prototyping, a mock system is constructed and continuously modified until it meets user needs. The result is an “implicit” model of what must actually be constructed. Prototypes are rarely efficient and generally have to be optimized by technical people. MIS 524

  9. Document Current System System Description User Requirements Determine User Needs Feasibility Study Generate & Evaluate Alternatives Logical Specs Determine Functionality Products of Systems Analysis Usually text, sometimes charts Various graphical formats Text, system diagrams Technical charts, flowcharts, data flow diagrams, various data representation charts, process charts MIS 524

  10. Summing It Up • Driven by organizational needs • Based on system theory • User involvement falls during SA • Client is in control • Methods are technical • Generally work is collaborative, but might not always be • SA is part of a larger, more complex process MIS 524

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