1 / 60

Reproductive System a.bustanji

This overview provides information on the components, functions, and structures of the male and female reproductive systems. Learn about the organs involved, their functions, and how they work together.

tovi
Download Presentation

Reproductive System a.bustanji

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Reproductive System a.bustanji A. BUSTANJI

  2. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Functions: • Produce sperm; • Deliver sperm to female repro. tract; • Produce androgens (male sex hormones). A. BUSTANJI

  3. Components of Male reproductive organs • Scrotum • Testes • Duct system • Penis • Accessory glands A. BUSTANJI

  4. ● SCROTUM: -a pouch of skin that encloses the testes for protection and temperature regulation A. BUSTANJI

  5. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ● TESTES -develop in abdomen; descend into scrotum before birth; -made up of tightly coiled tubes (SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES) where sperm are formed; -scattered between tubules are the LEYDIG CELLS (produce testosterone and other androgens). A. BUSTANJI

  6. (Leydig cells) TESTIS A. BUSTANJI

  7. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ● EPIDIDYMIS -6 meters of tubes; sperm cells are here for approx. 20 days; -location where sperm become motile, gain ability to fertilize. A. BUSTANJI

  8. Seminiferous tubules • Spermatogenic cells • Spermatogenesis begins at puberty • ~400 million sperm/day A. BUSTANJI

  9. SEMEN ● consists of: sperm cells and secretions from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands *typical semen production = 2-5 mL; *semen first coagulates; then thins & sperm begin to swim through the female reproductive tract… A. BUSTANJI

  10. Spermiogenesis • Spermatid  spermatozoan • Head • Nucleus • Acrosome (lysosome) • Midpiece • Base of tail • Mitochondria • Tail • Long flagellum A. BUSTANJI

  11. Spermiogenesis • Spermatid  spermatozoan A. BUSTANJI

  12. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ● PENIS -Cylinders of erectile tissue (when filled with blood, penis becomes erect); -head of penis = glans penis; has thinner covering; is covered by foreskin. A. BUSTANJI

  13. Penis • Thin skin • Spongy urethra • Erectile bodies • Corpus spongiosum • 2 corpora cavernosa • Capsule • Vascular spaces A. BUSTANJI

  14. Erection • Sexual excitement (parasympathetic) •  blood flow to erectile bodies • Squeezes veins shut •  blood pressure in erectile bodies A. BUSTANJI

  15. Ejaculation • Sympathetic activation • Peristaltic contraction of smooth muscles in ducts and glands - ejaculation • Constriction of arteries •  blood pressure in erectile bodies A. BUSTANJI

  16. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM ● VAS DEFERENS (muscular tube) ● EJACULATORY DUCT ● URETHRA -tube that drains both repro. & excretory products A. BUSTANJI

  17. Urethra • Shared with urinary system • Prostatic urethra • Membranous urethra • Spongy (penile) urethra A. BUSTANJI

  18. A. BUSTANJI

  19. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM There are 3 sets of accessory glands (add secretions to semen): 1) SEMINAL VESICLES (2): ● produce 60% of semen volume/fluid; ● fluid contains mucus, fructose sugar (energy!), coagulating enzyme, prostaglandins. A. BUSTANJI

  20. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Accessory glands (continued): 2)PROSTATE GLAND: ● secretes thin, milky, slightly alkaline fluid; ● fluid helps to balance the pH environment of the vagina. A. BUSTANJI

  21. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Accessory glands (continued): 3) BULBOUREHTRAL GLANDS (2): ● secrete viscous mucus PRIOR to ejaculation ● fluid neutralizes any acidic urine in the urethra; ●carries some sperm; ● a.k.a. Cowper’s glands. A. BUSTANJI

  22. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM - Anatomy A. BUSTANJI

  23. FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Functions: • Produce egg cells; • Produce female hormones; • Nurture & protect developing fetus. A. BUSTANJI

  24. External Female Structures Collectively, the external female reproductive organs are called the Vulva. • Mons Pubis. • Labia Majora & Minora. • Clitoris. • Vestibule. • Perineum A. BUSTANJI

  25. Mons Pubis Is rounded, soft fullness of subcutaneous fatty tissue, prominence over the symphysis pubis that forms the anterior border of the external reproductive organs. It is covered with varying amounts of pubic hair. A. BUSTANJI

  26. Labia Majora & Minora • The labia Majora are two rounded, fleshy folds of tissue that extended from the mons pubis to the perineum. • It is protect the labia minora, urinary meatus and vaginal introitus. A. BUSTANJI

  27. Labia Minora • It is located between the labia majora, are narrow. • The lateral and anterior aspects are usually pigmented. • The inner surfaces are similar to vaginal mucosa, pink and mois. • Their rich vascularity. A. BUSTANJI

  28. Clitoris. • The term clitoris comes from a Greek word meaning key. • Erectile organ. • It’s rich vascular, highly sensitive to temperature, touch, and pressure sensation A. BUSTANJI

  29. Internal Female Structures • Vagina • Uterus • Fallopian tubes • Ovaries A. BUSTANJI

  30. A. BUSTANJI

  31. Fallopian tubes • The two tubes extended from the cornu of the uterus to the ovary. • It runs in the upper free border of the broad ligament. • Length 8 to 14 cm average 10 cm • Its divided into 4 parts. A. BUSTANJI

  32. A. BUSTANJI

  33. Fallopian tube1. Interstitial part • Which runs into uterine cavity, passes through the myometrium between the fundus and body of the uterus. About 1-2cm in length. A. BUSTANJI

  34. Fallopian tube 2. Isthmus • Which is the narrow part of the tube adjacent to the uterus. • Straight and cord like , about 2 – 3 cm in length. A. BUSTANJI

  35. Fallopian tube 3. Ampulla • Which is the wider part about 5 cm in length. • Fertilization occurs in the ampulla. A. BUSTANJI

  36. 4. Infundibulum • It is funnel or trumpet shaped. • Fimbriae are fingerlike processes, one of these is longer than the other and adherent to the ovary. • The fimbriae become swollen almost erectile at ovulation. A. BUSTANJI

  37. Functions • Gamete transport (ovum pickup, ovum transport, sperm transport). • Final maturation of gamete post ovulate oocyte maturation, sperm capicitation. • Fluid environment for early embryonic development. • Transport of fertilized and unfertilized ovum to the uterus A. BUSTANJI

  38. Ovaries • Oval solid structure, 1.5 cm in thickness, 2.5 cm in width and 3.5 cm in length respectively. Each weights about 4–8 gm. • Ovary is located on each side of the uterus, below and behind the uterine tubes A. BUSTANJI

  39. Structure of the ovaries • Cortex • Medulla • Hilum A. BUSTANJI

  40. Ovaries and Relationship to Uterine Tube and Uterus A. BUSTANJI Figure 28–14

  41. Function of the ovary • Secrete estrogen & progesterone. • Production of ova(eggs) A. BUSTANJI

  42. Uterus • The uterus is a hollow, pear shaped muscular organ. • The uterus measures about 7.5 X 5 X 2.5 cm and weight about 50 – 60 gm. A. BUSTANJI

  43. Its normal position is anteverted (rotated forward and slightly antiflexed (flexed forward) • The uterus divided into three parts A. BUSTANJI

  44. 1. Body of the uterus • The upper part is the corpus, or body of the uterus • The fundus is the part of the body or corpus above the area where the fallopian tubes enter the uterus. • Length about 5 cm. A. BUSTANJI

  45. 2. Isthmus • A narrower transition zone. • Is between the corpus of the uterus and cervix. • During late pregnancy, the isthmus elongates and is known as the lower uterine segment. A. BUSTANJI

  46. 3. Cervix • The lowermost position of the uterus “neck”. • The length of the cervix is about 2.5 t0 3 cm. A. BUSTANJI

  47. Layers of the uterus • Perimetrium. • Myometrium. • Endometrium. A. BUSTANJI

  48. A. BUSTANJI

  49. 1. Perimetrium • Is the outer peritoneal layer of serous membrane that covers most of the uterus. A. BUSTANJI

  50. 2. Myometrium • Is the middle layer of thick muscle. • Most of the muscle fibers are concentrated in the upper uterus, and their number diminishes progressively toward the cervix. A. BUSTANJI

More Related