Ahmad Dimyati Researcher Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

1. Improving Competitiveness of Horticulture for National Food Security:Scientific with Spiritual Approach Ahmad Dimyati Researcher Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development Advisor, Indonesian Horticulture Board October, 2013

2. Outline • The approach • Definition of food security • Means to create food security • Horticulture in relation to food security • Definition and components of competitiveness • Factors affecting competitiveness • Ways to improve competitiveness of horticulture • Conclusion

3. The Approach: Organized Religiousity Spirituality Science The Truth The True Meaning The True Happiness Human Civilization Other Ways

4. Definition of Food Security • Committee on World Food Security, 2012: “ Food and Nutrition Security exists when all people at alltimes have physical, social andeconomic access to food, which issafe and consumed in sufficientquantity and quality to meet theirdietary needs and food preferences,and is supported by an environment of adequate sanitation, health services and care, allowing for a healthy , {peaceful} and active life.”

5. Legal Aspect (1): • Law No 18/2012 on Food: “Food security is a condition of fulfillment of food for the country up to individual, as expressed in the availability of food, quantitatively and qualitatively, safe, diversified, nutritious, well distributed, and affordable not opposing the religion, belief, and culture of the society for healthy, active and sustainably productive life”

6. Legal Aspect 2: • Law No 13/2010 on Horticulture: “ The Government and/or local government shall have the duties to increase people’s horticultural consumption through: • Determination and socialization of fruits and vegetables as principal food products; • Setting of targets for the rate of food and fruit consumption per capita per year in line with the standard of health; and • Loading of horticultural subjects into the curriculum of national and local education.”

7. FS & Other Burdens

8. Related Issues on FS

9. Global Food Security Challenges (Pete Smith, 2012: Delivering Food Security without Increasing Pressure on Land) Comprehensive Strategy

10. Future Ag & Food Strategy (Pete Smith, 2013, Dimyati, 2013) (Pete Smith, 2013) (Garnett and Godfray, 2012 Tilman et al, 2011)

11. Means to create food security • Availability: production and distribution • Production: areal and productivity, land, technology, research and development, extension • Distribution: infrastructure, institutions • Accessability i.e. affordability, infrastructure, price, purchasing power • What types of food policy? Pro growers vs Pro Consumers

12. CAUSAL LOOP OF NATIONAL SHALLOT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

13. Horticulture in relation to food security • Nutrient availability and accessability • Horticulture contribution to provide nutrient-rich products to alleviate “hidden hunger” which may cause non-communicable degenerative diseases • Functional fruits and vegetables for better life (Siswanto, CAHTEC-MoH) • Tropical fruits have better vitamins, minerals and antioxidants (R.Purwanto) • Horticulture role in increasing people’s purchasing power: high value produce for limited land • Better than food and estate crops, comparable to livestock

14. East Indonesia Agribusiness Development Option (Tiago et al, 2013. CHCG) Commodities with most potential to increase income of the poor

15. Definition and components of competitiveness

16. Competitive Hort and FS

17. Factors affecting competitiveness: Policies & Programs

18. Ways to improve competitiveness: • Policy formulation • Nutrient affordability versus business attractiveness: pro-consumers versus pro-farmers policies • Landuse planning • Infrastructure development • Cluster development of selected crops • Value chain improvement

19. Experts’ Suggestions (1) Robert Holmer, AVRDC World-Veg Center: • Global: Nourishing People, Enhancing Resilience, Reducing Emissions • SEA: Climate-smart Vegetable Production Technologies for Small Farming Communities in Southeast Asia Karen Tambayong, IHB, GCH AIPH: • Green city prospect and challenges in Asia Richard Markham, ACIAR: • New drivers for ICM, GR management, SCM/VCM for sustaining tropical horticulture

20. Experts’ Suggestions (2) Tomohide Sugino, JIRCAS: • Improvement of technologies to reduce GHG emission from vegetable lands in Asia Arij Everaart, Waginengen University: • Development of sustainable vegetable production systems Tomohiro Kamogawa, SAKATA: • Strong internal and external network of competence Peerasak Srinives,Katsetsart University: • Vision and creativity

21. Cluster of Mango Traditional Domestic Market Modern Domestic Market Input Store Production Area Specific for Mango cv “Gedong Gincu” Packing House: Primary processing Grading Branding Processing Companies Partnership & Traceability Export Market Consortium of Service Extension Service Business Consultant Research Outreach Financial Institution

22. Recommendations: • Large scale or consolidated units of innovation-led business with efective and efficient value chains • Policy and program facilitating the allocation of land and construction of infrastructure for the work of a business partnership among different actors of value chain of selected products • Development of competitive products supported by a consortium of integrated services. • Consumers’ education and public awareness • Revitalizing spirituality led business culture

23. Thank you....