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Skeletal System

Learn about the function and structures of the skeletal system, including bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. Explore bone development, joint classification, and major bones of the human body. Understand the five functions of the skeletal system and common bone diseases.

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Skeletal System

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  1. SkeletalSystem Emily Davis Marina Tome Sam Watkins

  2. Introduction • Objective : Students will be able to identify the function and structures of the skeletal system. Distinguish between bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage. Describe the development of bones from cartilage and identify the difference between osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Describe the classification of joints by tissue and know the six types of synovial joints and their types of movement. Distinguish between the appendicular and axial skeletons. Finally, identify 23 major bones of the human body and their functions.

  3. Function SUPPORT • Five functions of the Skeletal System: • 1) Provide points of attachments for muscles • 2) Protect and support softer underlying tissues • 3) House blood producing cells • 4) Store inorganic salts • 5) Contain passage ways for blood vessels and nerves

  4. Bones, Ligaments, Tendons, and Cartilage

  5. Long Bone

  6. Bone Cells • osteoBlasts • osteoClasts Build Bone Crush Bone

  7. Bone Development • Diagram

  8. Intramembranous • Flat • Layers of connective tissue • Enlarge into osteoBlasts • Deposit boney matrix • Spongy bone forms • Periosteum • Compact bone

  9. Joints by Tissue

  10. Synovial Joints

  11. Ball and Socket • Two bones, one ball shaped and the other cup shaped, fit into one another  Movements in all planes and rotation  Ex: Shoulder and hip Socket Ball

  12. Condyloid • Curve of one bone articulates with another bone  Variety of movement in different planes, but no rotation  Ex: Joints between metacarpals and phalanges

  13. Gliding Articulating surfaces are nearly flat or slightly curved  Sliding or twisting  Ex: Joints between various bones of wrists and ankles, sacroiliac

  14. Hinge Two surfaces, one convex and the other concave, articulate with each other  Flexion and extension  Ex: Elbow and joints of phalanges

  15. Pivot • Cylindrical surface of one bone fits into the rings of another bone  Rotation around a central axis  Ex: Axis of neck

  16. Saddle • Concave and convex surfaces fit with one another  Variety of movements  Ex: Joints between the carpal and the metacarpals of the thumb

  17. Joint Movement • Flexion • Extension • Dorsiflexion • Plantar Flexion • Hyperextension • Abduction • Adduction • Rotation • Circumduction

  18. Skeletons Appendicular Axial

  19. 23 Major Bones of the Human Body

  20. Skull

  21. Vertebral Column

  22. Pectoral Girdle

  23. Thoracic Cage Sternum True Ribs False Ribs Floating Ribs

  24. Pelvic Girdle

  25. Upper Limb

  26. Lower Limb

  27. Bone Diseases • Osteoporosis • Cancer • Paget’s Disease

  28. Questions?

  29. Quick Review • How many bones are there in the human body? • 206 bones • What are the two types of bone cells and what does each do? osteoBlasts - Build Bone osteoClasts - Crush Bone • What are the three types of vertebrae and how many are there of each? • Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) • Name all functions of the skeletal system.

  30. Thank You for your attention!! 

  31. QUIZ TIME!!

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