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Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia (

This study assesses Pre-Codia, a reading aid for dyslexic individuals, focusing on aspects of language processing critical for proficient reading. The research compares reading speed and comprehension between Pre-Codia and paper text. Results show slower reading with Pre-Codia but no difference in comprehension. Objective metrics and subjective ratings are analyzed to understand user preferences and effectiveness. Discussion explores ways to enhance reading experience for dyslexic readers, including morpheme-based segmentation and visual adjustments. Future steps involve developing automatic parsers for Swedish text.

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Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia (

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  1. Evaluation of Pre-Codia, a Computerized Reading Aid for Readers Suffering from Dyslexia( Mikael Goldstein Migoli, Stockholm, Sweden mikael.goldstein@telia.com Gustav Öquist Dept. of Linguistics, University of Uppsala, Swedengustav@stp.ling.uu.se Ingela LewaldStockholms DyslexiCentrum AB, Stockholm, Swedeningela@stockhomsdyslexicentrum.se

  2. Aspects of language processing to be a proficient readerPhonetic awarenessHow a sequence of letters, or graphemes, translate into phonemesMorphological awarenessHow sequences of phonemes make up morphemes, the smallest meaningful units of a word Important for understanding multisyllabic wordsWorking memoryEnables the reader to link words and sentences together into a meaningful discourse Mann, V. (1998). Language Problems: A Key to Early Reading Problems, in Learning about Learning Disabilities, Academic Press

  3. For dyslectics, the primary problem is: the conversion from letters to soundsor rather graphemes to phonemes Most languages does not have a one-to-one mapping between graphemes and phonemes; ships h i p [sh] [i] [p]

  4. Pre-Codia is supposed to ease the reading: Hyphenates words according to a morpheme-based segmentation

  5. Pre-Codia: Settings

  6. Experiment • Subjects: 16 dyslectics from grade 8-9 at Ängkärrsskolan, Stockholm, 11 boys and 5 girls • Text material: excerpts (app. 900 words) from the book Lord of the Flies (Swedish text) by William Golding • LIX value: 26-29 • Randomized balanced design • Training • Conditions: PreCodia screen presentation and paperback Morpheme-segmented Nonsegmented

  7. Parameter settings during Training

  8. Results: Objective metrics Reading speed PreCodia significantly slower: 107 wpm vs. 119 wpm Comprehension No difference Eight preferred Pre-Codia Five preferred text presented on paper Three were indifferent

  9. Results: Subjective ratings Perceiveddifficulty*, Perceived strain/effort*

  10. Discussion The decoding procedure is eased by changing Background colour/font colour Lager font size Increased line spacing Morpheme-based segmentation Perceived versus actual reading speed Word length at which morpheme-based segmentation starts Next step: Automatic morpheme- and syllable parser for Swedish Web interface for reading text

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