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Electrical & Gravitational Force. Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation. Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that for two bodies is directly proportional to the mass of each body and that is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
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Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation • Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force that for two bodies is directly proportional to the mass of each body and that is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them • Gravity becomes weaker with distance • A planet 3 times further away from sun than earth would be pulled at 1/9 the force as earth
Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation • Practice problems Force between Earth & Moon p.49 Force between SUN & Earth Sun mass =1.989 x 1030 kg Earth mass = 5.98 x 1024 kg Distance Apart = 1.496 x 108 km
Coulombs Law • The electrical force between two charged bodies is directly proportional to the charge on each body and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them • Electrical force grows weaker with distance
Coulombs Law • Practice problems Force between hydrogen proton & electronp.52 Force between generic atoms proton & electron Proton charge = 1.6 x 10-19 c Electron Charge = 1.6 x 10-19 c Distance Apart = 13.68 x 10-16 m
What is a Coulomb • A unit of charge is measured in coulombs • 1 electron has a charge of • 1.6 x 10-19
Newton Vs. Coulomb • Similar formula’s inverse square laws • Gravitaional forces are only attractive • Are important when dealing with large masses and distances • Electrical forces are attractive & repulsive • Are important when dealing with small masses and distances.
Gravitational Electrical Gravitational and Electrical Fields
