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opening montage clip. Safety of Journalists. THE STORY BEHIND THE STORY. Safety of Journalists. What risks do you face?. How can the law protect you?. Who can help you?. Safety of Journalists Close to the story - a risky business.
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Safety of Journalists THE STORY BEHIND THE STORY
Safety of Journalists What risks do you face? How can the law protect you? Who can help you?
Safety of JournalistsClose to the story - a risky business "If your pictures aren’t good enough, you aren't close enough…" Robert Capa, photojournalist
Safety of Journalists Close to the story - a risky business "These are nightmarish times for those working in the news media… Journalists are being killed at an uneccaptable and unprecedented rate." Christopher Cramer, former war correspondent, president of CNN international networks, honorary president of INSI • RISKS: • targeted • taken as hostage • arrested/detained/tortured • disappeared • harassed
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you? • TARGETED– RECENT EXAMPLE: …. • journalists are civilians: cannot be targeted/attacked • → if violated: war crime • exceptions: • military press (journalist is a combatant) • if journalist takes direct part in hostilities
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you? • TAKEN AS A HOSTAGE • RECENT EXAMPLE: …. • (…..) • → if violated: war crime
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you? • ARRESTED / DETAINED • RECENT EXAMPLE: …. • possible: • related to the armed conflict, OR • for security purposes • release at the end of hostilities or when security reason no longer exists • TORTURED • humane treatment, with respect for dignity: • prohibition of torture or humiliating and degrading treatment • in international armed conflicts: military press members and war correspondents: protection of prisoners of war • → if violated: war crime
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you? • DISAPPEAR • RECENT EXAMPLE: …. • human rights law: enforced disappearance is prohibited • humanitarian law: all parties to the conflict must take all feasible measures to account for persons reported missing as a result of armed conflict and must provide their family members with any information it has on their fate • → if violated: …..
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you? CASE STUDY Belgrade Radio and Television station after NATO attack, 1999 (or bombardment of the Palestine Hotel in Baghdad in 2003 OR the the Arab Al-Jazeera TV network in Kabul in 2002)
Safety of JournalistsWho can help you? • In trouble: • Reporters Without Borders: SOS Press Hotline +33 147777414 • ICRC Hotline for Journalists: +41 79 217 32 85 • To prepare for missions: • trainings • Reporters Without Borders with French and Belgian Red Cross • (safety, stress management, humanitarian law) • ICRC (humanitarian law) • National Red Cross/Red Crescent Societies (first-aid) • readings • Committee to Protect Journalists – • “On Assignment – Covering Conflicts Safely" • Reporters Without Borders – • "Charter for the Safety of Journalists" • "Handbook for Journalists" • ICRC – „Staying Alive”
Safety of JournalistsHow can the law protect you?OPTIONAL Situations of violence other than armed conflicts • Domestic law • Human Rights Law • universal • regional • "soft-law" (incl. UNESCO Medellin Declaration)