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Does an Increase of Boats Cause Decreased Vocalization Rates in Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)?

Does an Increase of Boats Cause Decreased Vocalization Rates in Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)?. Matthew J. Williams Beam Reach Marine Science and Sustainability School June 4, 2009. Bioenergetics. Every action requires energy Energy is a limiting factor

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Does an Increase of Boats Cause Decreased Vocalization Rates in Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)?

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  1. Does an Increase of Boats Cause Decreased Vocalization Rates in Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)? Matthew J. Williams Beam Reach Marine Science and Sustainability School June 4, 2009

  2. Bioenergetics • Every action requires energy • Energy is a limiting factor • Do orcas limit vocalizations if they are unlikely to be heard?

  3. Methods • Recorded: • Vocalizations • Behavioral state • Number of boats within 1000 m • Ambient noise levels

  4. Key Questions • Does an increase in boats correlate with an increase in ambient noise? • Do call rates decline with an increase in ambient noise?

  5. Does an increase in boats correlate with an increase in ambient noise? P < .001 Sample Size: 1016

  6. Do call rates decline with an increase in ambient noise? P < .001 Sample Size: 1016

  7. Call Rates • Min: 0 • Max: 26 • Mean: 1.22 • Mode: 0 • Sample Size: 1016 • Very large proportion of data is 0 calls/min!

  8. Supplementary Question • Does the behavioral state influence the call rates? • Important to limit a source of variance

  9. Call Rates

  10. Changes in Call Rates: Foraging P < .001 Sample Size: 134

  11. Changes in Call Rates: Traveling P < .001 Sample Size: 731

  12. Questions? • Acknowledgements: • Jason Wood • Scott Veirs • Val Veirs • Todd Shuster • Mike Kramer • Classmates

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