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The Great Mexican Transformation of The End of The Century

Explore the economic growth and social changes in Mexico at the end of the century, including GDP per capita, trade liberalization, labor gap, poverty indicators, government expenditure, and Mexican migration to the US.

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The Great Mexican Transformation of The End of The Century

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  1. The Great Mexican Transformation of The End of The Century Rolando Cordera Campos and Juan Carlos Moreno-Brid Inequalities in the Mediterranean, International Workshop, CNR-ISSM, Naples, Italy. June, 2017

  2. GDP per capita, 1-2014international dollars GK1990 Source: own elaboration based on Madisson Project (2014) & World Economic Outlook, IMF (2014)

  3. GDP, GDP per capita and population growth, 1820-2016 Source: elaboration based on Ros & Moreno-Brid (2010), INEGI (many years) and Conapo (many years)

  4. 9.5% GDP 24.4% GDP Exports The Mexican exports multiplied by ten between 1980 and 2004 in real terms. To 2015 this number get doubled. 2015 1980 2004 33.3% GDP Source: elaborated based on National System of Accounts, INEGI,

  5. Imports The Mexican imports multiplied by nine between 1980 and 2004 in real terms, to 2015 this number get doubled. 2015 1980 2004 11.1% GDP 25.6% GDP 34.6% GDP Source: elaborated based on National System of Accounts, INEGI,

  6. Trade Liberalization as share of GDP, 1895-2015 Source: elaborated based on Historic Statistics from INEGI, 2009 & Bank of Mexico

  7. Others Maquila Maquila 1980 Manufacture 9.51% 42.09% 45.40% 73.12% No Oil 57.91% 90.49% 54.60% Crude Oil Remainder Remainder Extractive 16.75% Agriculture 20.13% Oil exports Manufactured exports Non-oil Exports Composition of all exports Others 89.28% 15.81% 95.14% 84.19% 2014 Manufacture 10.72% Oil Crude 55.44% No Oil 44.56% Extractive 1.43% Agriculture 3.44% Exports composition Source: elaborated based on Bank of Mexico

  8. GDP 1901-2015Growth Rate 1994-1999 3.42% 1933-1981 6.13% 1988-1993 3.81% Source: own elaboration with Historic Statistics and National Accounting System, INEGI.

  9. Chamber of Deputies Change also took place in politics 1970 1988 1994 2006 2000 2012

  10. Chamber of Deputies composition

  11. Demographic bonus Source: United Nations.

  12. Poverty Indicators, 2014 deprivations deprivations deprivations deprivations Source: National Council for the Evaluation of Social Policy. 2015

  13. Income level of employed population 2000 -2016 Source: Income-Expenditure National Survey (many years)

  14. Labour Gap, 2005-2016 Bar graphs represents labour gap composition in millions of persons: unemployed pople , plus underemployees, plus no available but disposable population (discourage workers). Line graph (right axis) is the Labour Gap, and it is represented as the share of the labour force plus the discourage workers.

  15. México. Wage participation as share of GDP, 1970-2013 Source: Samaniego, N. (2014) y Ros, J. (2015)

  16. Social expenditure as share of GDP,1960-2014 Source: OECD, 2014.

  17. Govermentexpenditure as share of the GDP, 1996-2014 Total expenditure Social expenditure Source: Sedesol, 2015

  18. Mexico is the largest source of migrants in Latin America

  19. Mexican migration to the US exploded in the1980s

  20. Thank you cordera@unam.mx

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