1 / 36

A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather

A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather. A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather. Daniel Stewart. Daniel Stewart. Outline. Personal History Weather at the Briefing Weather for Pre-Takeoff & Climb Weather Enroute Weather for the Descent & Approach Extreme Weather Q & A. Personal History.

treva
Download Presentation

A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather A Pilot’s Perspective of Weather Daniel Stewart Daniel Stewart

  2. Outline • Personal History • Weather at the Briefing • Weather for Pre-Takeoff & Climb • Weather Enroute • Weather for the Descent & Approach • Extreme Weather • Q & A

  3. Personal History • Name: Daniel Stewart • Company: EVA AIR • Job Description: First Officer MD11 Fleet • Licences: Taiwan CAA ATPL USA FAA ATP Australian CASA ATPL • Academic Qualification: B.Com(HONS)

  4. Flying History – General Aviation PPL:1990 – 1991 A/C Types: PA38 C172 CPL: 1992 – 1996 ATPL: 1996 – 2000 A/C Types: AC50 B58 C310 PA31

  5. General Aviation - Aeroplanes

  6. Flying History - Regional Hazelton Airlines 2000 – 2001 FO SAAB 340 Sydney International Airport QantasLink 2001 – 2004 FO Dash 8-100/200/300 Sydney International Airport

  7. Flying History - Airlines EVA AIR 2004 – FO MD11 Fleet

  8. Weather at the Briefing • Significant Weather Chart • SIGMET • Wind/Temperature Chart • Grid-point Wind/Temp Chart • Route Wind/Temp Profile • MSL Analysis Chart • TAF/METAR

  9. Significant Weather Chart

  10. SIGMET RJJJ SIGMET 4 VALID 281250/281450 RJTD-RJJJ FUKUOKA FIR SEV TURB OBS AT 1235Z 50NM W OF VACKY FL330/350 BYB743 MOV ENE 15KT INTST UNKNOWN= RJJJ SIGMET 3 VALID 281120/281320 RJTD-RJJJ FUKUOKA FIR SEV TURB OBS AT 1046Z 20NM W OF SAKIT FL330 BY B744MOV ENE 15KT INTST UNKNOWN= RJJJ SIGMET 2 VALID 280720/281120 RJTD-RJJJ FUKUOKA FIR FRQ TS FCST IN AREA BOUNDED BY N21E135 N21E138N25E135 N25E132 N24E132 AND N21E135 MOV NE 15KT NC= RJJJ SIGMET 1 VALID 280700/281300 RJTD-RJJJ FUKUOKA FIR VA ERUPTION MT SUWANOSEJIMA LOC N2938 E12942 VA CLDOBS AT 0645Z FL050 EXTENDED E INTST UNKNOWN= RJJJ SIGMET 1 VALID 280400/280800 RJTD-RJJJ FUKUOKA FIR FRQ TS FCST IN AREA BOUNDED BY N21E134 N21E138 N24E137 N23E133 AND N21E134 MOV ENE 20KT INTSF=

  11. Wind / Temperature Chart

  12. Grid-Point Wind/Temperature Chart

  13. Valid from 2158 UTC OCT 28, 2006 to 0900 UTC OCT 29, 2006 ROUTE WIND CROSS-SECTION (DERIVED FROM GRIB UPPER WINDS DATA) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TRK DIST ALT DIR SPD COMP XTRK OAT ISA RCTP - KADLO 230 195 445 245 045 -042 -011 -67 -11 385 251 044 -040 -015 -52 +03 340 266 042 -032 -024 -40 +11 300 279 039 -025 -029 -31 +13 265 279 025 -015 -018 -14 +16 185 283 018 -010 -013 -03 +17 100 085 004 +004 +002 +10 +15 050 057 019 +019 +003 +16 +10 KADLO ELATO 238 069 445 242 035 -034 -002 -67 -10 385 246 033 -032 -004 -52 +03 340 271 030 -024 -015 -40 +11 300 284 032 -021 -022 -30 +13 265 294 018 -009 -014 -14 +17 185 308 012 -003 -011 -03 +18 100 058 009 +009 -000 +10 +15 050 045 019 +018 -003 +17 +12 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- TRK DIST ALT DIR SPD COMP XTRK OAT ISA ELATO MAGOG 269 093 445 247 034 -031 +013 -67 -10 385 248 031 -028 +011 -52 +03 340 274 028 -027 -002 -40 +11 300 284 030 -028 -007 -30 +13 265 296 018 -015 -007 -14 +17 185 307 010 -007 -005 -03 +18 100 046 011 +008 -007 +10 +15 050 043 023 +016 -015 +17 +12 MAGOG VHHH 271 090 445 254 036 -034 +011 -67 -10 385 252 032 -030 +011 -53 +03 340 277 031 -030 -002 -40 +11 300 281 031 -030 -004 -30 +13 265 288 020 -018 -005 -14 +16 185 291 009 -007 -002 -03 +17 100 036 011 +006 -008 +10 +15 050 048 020 +014 -012 +16 +10 Route Wind/Temperature Profile

  14. MSL Analysis Chart

  15. TAF / METAR TAIPEI (RCTP) TAF RCTP 282000Z 282106 05010KT 8000 FEW016 BKN060 BECMG 0002 06023KT METAR RCTP 282130Z 06017KT 9999 FEW013 24/21 Q1015 NOSIG HONG KONG (VHHH) TAF VHHH 282000Z 282106 05005KT 6000 FEW035 SCT080 TEMPO 2206 4000 HAZE METAR VHHH 282130Z 05010KT 6000 FEW035 SCT120 25/19 Q1014 NOSIG MACAU (VMMC) TAF VMMC 282000Z 282106 01010KT 7000 FEW020 TEMPO 2106 4000 HAZE METAR VMMC 282200Z 36009KT 5000 HAZE FEW020 24/20 Q1014 NOSIG

  16. TAF / METAR KAOHSIUNG (RCKH) TAF RCKH 282000Z 282106 08003KT 4000 MIST FEW010 SCT080 BECMG 0204 24010KT 9999 METAR RCKH 282130Z 06003KT 4500 MIST FEW010 SCT080 24/20 Q1012 NOSIG SUVARNABHUMI (VTBS) TAF VTBS 282000Z 282106 04005KT 8000 FEW025 SCT300 BECMG 0103 06010KT 9999 FEW020 BKN300 METAR VTBS 282130Z 03005KT 8000 FEW030 26/23 Q1010

  17. Weather for Take-Off & Climb • Upon arrival at airport/during pre-flight inspection – Observe the weather. • Wind direction and speed, • Cloud – amount, base, & type. • Precipitation – amount, type, & location. • Temperature & humidity. • RWY/TWY condition (wet/ice/snow) • Other phenomena (dust devils/virga/etc).

  18. Weather For Take-Off & Climb • ATIS Taipei information ALPHA. Valid 0025UTC. Runway 05/06 in use. Wind 050/15 knots. Visibility 10kms. Cloud FEW010, SCT025, OVC050 Temperature 27 – dew point 25. QNH 1015. TWY SP not available due works in progress. On first contact with ground or approach notify receipt of ALPHA.

  19. Differences between personal observation & ATIS • “Smell the weather”. • Observe what is happening. • Anticipate probable changes: • Wind shifts. • Commencement/cessation of precipitation. • Temperature. • RWY condition. • ATIS is only an observation of what has happened, NOT a forecast. Therefore it can change prior to take-off.

  20. Things to consider for take-off • RWY Condition – Dry, Damp, Wet, Icy, & Snow for aircraft performance. • Wind – Crosswind & downwind limitations. Headwind or downwind component for aircraft performance. • Visibility – Low visibility procedures. Departure alternate requirements.

  21. Things to consider for take-off • Cloud – TCU/CB. Icing conditions. • Temperature – Icing conditions. Aircraft performance. • Precipitation – Rain, hail, snow, & fog. Reduced visibility, damage to aircraft, icing conditions. • Other phenomena – Windshear, dust devils, & tornadoes. Aircraft performance.

  22. Use of Weather Radar • Conduct preflight test. • Turn on prior to lineup. • Adjust tilt to remove ground returns. • Observe weather on take-off/climb path. • Great for - Rain, wet hail, etc. • NOT for – Windshear, CAT, dry hail, etc. • Don’t forget to “look out the window”.

  23. Weather Enroute – SIGWX Chart • Accuracy of position, levels & severity of • CAT, • Thunderstorms, • Typhoons, • Volcanic Ash, • Cold/Warm Fronts, • Jetstreams, and • Level of Tropopause.

  24. Weather Enroute – Wind/Temperature • Accuracy of wind/temperature forecasts. • Temperature affects TAS/MACH • Wind affects ground speed & drift angle.

  25. Weather Enroute – Obtaining Updates Inflight • VOLMET (Volume Meteorological) – HF/VHF • AERIS (Automatic En Route Information Service) - VHF • ACARS (Aircraft Communication and Reporting System) – VHF/Satellite

  26. Weather for Descent & Approach • Very similar considerations as take-off & climb: • Obtain ATIS, • Use of radar, and • Own observation from cockpit. • However, there is a heavier reliance on points a) & b) particularly at night and/or when in Instrument Meteorological Conditions (IMC).

  27. Extreme Weather - Tropical • Typhoon/Cyclone/Hurricane Warnings • Timely, • Accurate in forecasting movements, • Level of severity (Category 1 – 5), and • Easy to understand.

  28. Typhoon Damery: SE Hong Kong, September 2005

  29. Typhoon Damery – Weather Radar Imagine

  30. Tropical Thunderstorms • Very high vertical development • Very heavy rain • Reduced visibility • Lots of thunder and lightning • Low cloud base • Not as serve turbulence as other mid & high latitude thunderstorms. But still treat with plenty of respect!!

  31. Cumulonimbus (CB) over India

  32. Desert Regions • Extreme heat, particularly on the tarmac: • Loss of aircraft performance, • Ambient temperature may exceed limits for APU/engine start, • Dust storms & dust devils, • High base thunderstorms, • Windshear, • Reduction in personal comfort and performance.

  33. Mid-Latitude Weather • Cold fronts, • Warm fronts, • Fog, • Powerful & serve thunderstorms with hail, and • Tornadoes (particularly in Southern USA),

  34. Artic Region Weather • Icing conditions: • Slippery RWY/TWYs, dangerous & difficult to control/stop aircraft. • Snow/slush covered RWY/TWYs, reduced take-off performance and possible freezing of flight controls. • De/Anti-Icing procedures

  35. Artic Region Weather d) De/Anti-Icing inflight: i) Jet Aircraft – Better systems, - Less exposure to icing conditions. ii) Prop Aircraft – Limited systems, - Longer exposure to icing conditions. May not be able to climb/descend out of icing conditions.

  36. Thank-You

More Related