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Counseling Theories Presentation

Counseling Theories Presentation. An overview of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). Cognitive Behavior Therapy Its Brief History & Origins. Epicetus, “What disturbs…” 100 AD The Cartesian Split...1650’s “I Think….” Reaction/Revolt to the Behaviorist Regime - Reductionism…1950’s

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Counseling Theories Presentation

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  1. Counseling TheoriesPresentation An overview of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)

  2. Cognitive Behavior Therapy Its Brief History & Origins • Epicetus, “What disturbs…” 100 AD • The Cartesian Split...1650’s • “I Think….” • Reaction/Revolt to the Behaviorist Regime - Reductionism…1950’s • Chomsky & Behaviorism’s Achilles Heel • The return of mind to psychology

  3. Some Noted Founders of the Cognitive Revolution • George Kelly - personal constructs, schemas, natural scientists of thought • Albert Ellis & Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy - REBT • Aaron Beck & Cognitive Therapy - CT • Donald Meichenbaum & Cognitive Behavior Modification - CBM

  4. “The thing that upsets people is not what happens but what they think it means…” ...Epictetus, 100 AD UCasUR “Its not so much what happens to you that changes you life, but how you react to what happens to you” All of life is an interpretation, the self is a story. Two Quotations that give a “flavor” of Cognitivism

  5. CBT: Thinking about thinking

  6. We are born rational (scientists) and make ourselves irrational. But how? “crooked” vs. “straight” thinking reindoctrinating irrationality with self statements It’s all about one’s A, B, C, D, E, F’s The scientific method of logical and rational thought is applied to irrational beliefs. Therapist a teacher and interrogator A Collage of Salient Features from Ellis & REBT

  7. A Collage of Salient Features from Beck & CT • Like REBT, thoughts determine feelings and actions • Internal dialogues reinforce automatic thinking, faulty thinking and incorrect inferences - thus disorders arise. • Core schemata (belief) are examined, evidence is weighed = restructuring • Collaborative, socratic discovery model

  8. A Collage of Salient Features from Meichenbaum & CBM • Like REBT & CT, maladaptive thoughts = distressing emotions • > awareness of selftalk/instructions and > awareness of thinking,feeling, acting • get coping skills by 1)self-observation, 2)changes to internal dialogue, 3)learn & implement new skills/changes…+++ • Scripted nature of behavior & constructivism or “restorying”

  9. Empircally-based via controlled studies. Goal-oriented: set, monitor, act, assess. Practical focus: first priority is solving concrete problems in the present. Active approach: Therapist acts as a teacher/coach client does homework. Collaborative effort: dialogic analysis and strategic planning. Short-term method that’s effective! What is Cognitive Behavior Therapy (REBT, CT, CBM)?

  10. Proven Applications of CBT • CBT widely applied to treatment of: depression, anxiety, martial problems, stress management, skill training, substance abuse, assertion training, eating disorders, panic attacks, social phobia • Probably the most widely applied therapeutic method at this time.

  11. focus on teaching self-therapy limits dependency homework tasks open to other techniques, eclectic works on kids proactive/prevention good for group work wide applications successful with depression & anxiety > self-help psychoeducational alliance between t/c structure satisfying for clients. Strengths of CBT

  12. Limitations of CBT • Tends to play down emotional factors • Misses Ucs & underlying factors • Discounts usefulness of client’s past • REBT too confrontational for some, CT too structured for some (too positive) • Chance of power differential arising thru therapists ideology of “the rational” • Too reductive, all in the head and little focus on social situatedness/interaction

  13. Let’s get involved with CBT

  14. Involving you with CBT • An exercise in making “crooked” (irrational) thoughts/beliefs “straight (rational) again • How many reframes can you do in less than two minutes?

  15. Cognitive Behavior Therapy“It’s All in your Head” • Thanks for listening, and remember...With CBT, Your thoughts become You.

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