1 / 16

Take out your HW: Transcription wkst

Take out your HW: Transcription wkst. Somewhere on a sheet of scratch paper or in your notes, TRANSCRIBE the following DNA sequence into mRNA: TAC AGT CCA GCG ATA ATT. Homework due tomorrow: Protein Synthesis wkst. AUG. UCA. GGU. CGC. UAU. UAA.

trevor-henry
Download Presentation

Take out your HW: Transcription wkst

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Take out your HW: Transcription wkst Somewhere on a sheet of scratch paper or in your notes, TRANSCRIBE the following DNA sequence into mRNA: TAC AGT CCA GCG ATA ATT Homework due tomorrow: Protein Synthesis wkst AUG UCA GGU CGC UAU UAA

  2. TRANSCRIPTION & TRANSLATION: From DNA to Protein • Think back to the information contained in your homework assignment: • What is produced when the process of transcription is complete? • What are 2 differences that were listed/shown between DNA and RNA? Chapter 11, Section 2

  3. Genes & Proteins • What is the function of a gene? • codes for traits, inherited from parents • Genes code for specific proteins • Proteins make up muscles, hair, tissues, enzymes, & pigments • Protein Synthesis = reading the DNA, forming RNA, using RNA to make the protein (DNA  RNA  Protein) • Occurs through the processes of transcription and translation

  4. RNA • RNAis a nucleic acid (like DNA) • Differs in structure from DNA:

  5. Focusing on RNA • There are 3 different types of RNA that you will need to know: • mRNA • rRNA • tRNA

  6. Types of RNA • 1.Messenger RNA (mRNA) • Carries genetic “message” from DNA to the ribosomes in the cytosol • “Read” by ribosomes to make proteins • Contain codons

  7. 2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) • Part of the structure of ribosomes • Ribosome = protein and rRNA

  8. 3. Transfer RNA • Transfers amino acidsto the ribosome to make protein

  9. Transcription: Getting the message out of the nucleus • Transcription = enzymes make RNA by copying a portion of DNA in the nucleus • If a DNA sequence is AATCCGGA, what is the complimentary RNA sequence? • UUAGGCCU • The mRNA that gets sequenced is sent out of the nucleus to help make protein

  10. Genetic Code • Sequence of Nitrogenous Bases codes for a specific Amino Acid that is connected to other amino acids to make a Protein • Codon = the nitrogenous bases of 3 adjacent nucleotides in mRNA that code for • Start Signal (starts the protein making process) • 1 of 20 different amino acids (parts of a protein) • Stop Signal (stops the protein making process) • Codons are like 3-letter words • Words contain meaning to us: CAT = • Codons contain meaning in the form of an amino acid CAU = Histidine

  11. An amino acid can be coded for by more than one codon • 20 amino acids combine in different combinations to make various proteins

  12. Translation: Going from the language of bases (AUGC) to proteins • Translation = using the mRNA to make protein, reading the codons • Takes place at the ribosomes • The mRNA is “read” in between the 2 sub-units of the ribosome • tRNA carries the amino acid coded for by the mRNA codons and has ananticodon that pairs up with the mRNA codon • Codon (mRNA) and anticodon (tRNA) follow RNA base-pairing rules • Amino acids form peptide bonds between each other to create a long chain of amino acids

  13. Transcription

  14. Amino acids to protein • Amino acid chains start to fold creating 3-dimensional structures • Several of these 3-D structures combine to form a functional protein • These proteins then carry out cellular functions

More Related