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The NIS Practices in Germany Presented by Dr. Moneim Issa on the Consultative Meeting

The NIS Practices in Germany Presented by Dr. Moneim Issa on the Consultative Meeting on National Innovation Systems (NIS) of India 19-20 September 2006, New Delhi Eschersheimer Landstr.89 D-60322 Frankfurt Tel.: +49 (0) 171 931 3456 Fax: +49 (0) 69 955 30 337 E-Mail: aissa@t-online.de.

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The NIS Practices in Germany Presented by Dr. Moneim Issa on the Consultative Meeting

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  1. The NIS Practices in Germany Presented by Dr. Moneim Issa on the Consultative Meeting on National Innovation Systems (NIS) of India 19-20 September 2006, New Delhi Eschersheimer Landstr.89 D-60322 Frankfurt Tel.: +49 (0) 171 931 3456 Fax: +49 (0) 69 955 30 337 E-Mail: aissa@t-online.de

  2. The Technology and innovation Centres in Germany (2006) 167 Technology and Innovation Centres ca. 7.500 Enterprises in the Centres ca. 56.000 Employees ca. 16.000 successful Start Ups-Firms ca. 150.000 generated employments The survival quote in the centres ranged to about 90% Over 8.000 Enterprises from the Centres have successfully been established. These Firms have generated ca. 90.000 working places.. Source: ADT

  3. DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATION CENTRES IN GERMANY 1983-2000 Source: ADT

  4. OBJECTIVES OF INNOVATION CENTRES Technical support to technology oriented start-ups Provision of infrastructure to be used by the companies Promotion of co-operation between science and economy Promotion of regional development potentials for technology oriented enterprises and start-ups Initiation of technology park projects and technological co-operation Support of regional economic development Provision of information on innovative technology Improvement of regional innovation framework Source: ZEW

  5. ALLOCATION OF INNOVATION CENTRES ACCORDING TO SITE PREFERENCE Source: ADT

  6. TECHNOLOGICAL FOCAL POINTS IN THE INNOVATION CENTRES General Services 27 % Technological Services 24 % Software 23 % Information and Communication Technology 22 % Multimedia 16 % Environmental Technology 16 % Consultancy 16 % Electronic and Electrical Engineering 11 % Instrumentation and Measurement Technology 10 % Computer Technology 9 % Automation 8 % Machinery 6 % Source: ADT

  7. TECHNICAL CONSULTANCY BY INNOVATION CENTRES Start-Up Consultancy Legal Issues Elaboration of Business Plans Technnology Advice Patent Finance Business promotion Programms Marketing Assistance Insurance Training Source: ADT

  8. LOGISTIC SUPPORT BY INNOVATION CENTRES Office Services Reception Telephone services Photocoping Conference Rooms Internet Data Bank Book Keeping Organization of Exhibitions Company Cooperation Technology Transfer Laboratory Utilizaion Source: ADT

  9. SUCCESSFUL COMPANIES MOVED OUT OF INNOVATION CENTRES AFTER ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CENTRES Source: ADT

  10. The Structure of the German Innovation System Source: Prognos AG., Germany 2004

  11. INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE IN GERMANY • Natural Sciences, Technological and Engineering Institutions • 81 Universities • 90 Technical Universities • 81 Max-Planck-Institutes • 47 Frauenhofer-Institutes • 16 Helmholz-Centres • 51 „Blaue-Liste“ Institutes • 24 Federal Research Institutions • 47 Local Research Institutions in the federal states • Source: Athene-Project

  12. POTENTIAL OF TECHNOLOGICAL ORIENTED START-UPS Source: Athene-Project

  13. Current Priorities of the National Innovation System Promotion of Education, Science and Technology and R&D - Innovation and Economic Growth - Facing International Competition through Globalization - Regain a Leading Role in Future Technology - Innovation Initiative and Structural Reforms

  14. Share of World Regions to the Development of R&D-Capacities 1995-2003 GDP Expenditure on R&D at Current Prices R&D Expenditure of Private Sector at Current Prices Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators 2004; IMD World Competitiveness Year Book, NIW. Quoted in: BMBF: Zur technologischen Leistungsfähigkeit Deutschlands 2005, Bonn, Berlin 2005 Share of OECD+STC 1995 - 2002 Share of OECD+STC 1995 STC (Selected Emerging Countries): CHN, KOR, IND, RUS, SIN, TWN, ISR

  15. Innovation Activities of the German Industry • Research and Development • Human Resources in Business R&D • Patent Output

  16. Production sector without construction Service sector* Innovation Quota 1) • Innovation Quota: Share of enterprises which released a new or significantly improved product in the market or implemented a new or signifcantly new procedure within the company, in % of all enterprises • *) whole sale, logistics, IT, Software, insurance and loan sector, R&D services, technical services Source: Eurostart – CIS-III (New Cronos. September 2004). Götzfried et al. (2004). Arvantis et al (2004). Frenz (2003), unpublished data of CIS-III team.- ZEW calculations; Quoted in: BMB

  17. GDP Share of R&D intensive industries and knowledge-intensive services in selected countries 2002 (in %) R&D intensive industries Source: OECD, STAN-Database 2002. – Calculations and Estimations by DIW Berlin. Quoted in: BMB Knowledge-intensive services without real estate *) EU-15 without IRL and LUX

  18. Innovation Performance and R&D in industry and knowledge-intensive Services 1993-2003 (in % of all Enterprises) Industry and Mining Knowledge-intensive services Innovative companies without R&D Companies with irregular R&D Companies with continuous R&D Source: ZEW, Mannheim. Quoted in: BMB.

  19. Share of Employment in R&D intensive industries and knowledge-intensive services (in %) Real estate Source: OECD, STAN-Database 2002. – Calculations and Estimations by DIW Berlin. Quoted in: DIW, NIW: Marktergebnisse bei forschungs- Intensiven Waren und wissensintensiven Dienstleistungen: Außenhandel, Produktion und Beschäftigung, Berlin, Hannover 2003 Knowledge-intensive services without real estate R&D intensive industries

  20. Development of Employment in R&D-intensive Industries in Germany 1991-2002 Professional Fields in companies 1995=100 FE= R&D-intensive Industries ST= Sofisticated Technology HAT= Advanced Technology NFE= Not R&D-intensive industries Source: Federal Office for Statistics, ZEW . Quoted in: DIW, NIW.

  21. Patents quota 2002 and its change between 1991 to 2002 in selected countries Patent dispersion*) Annual average Change 1991 - 2002 *) Patents relevant to the world market per 1 Mio. labour force Source: EPATENT.- WOPATENT.-OECD. Main Science and Technology Indicators. – Fraunhofer ISI Calculations. Quoted in: BMB.

  22. Critical Assessment of NIS • Innovation Contribution of German SMEs is low • Several Regulatory Burdens on Private Sector • Lack of Venture Capital Market and Start-ups • Insufficient Supply of Highly Qualified Personnel

  23. Graduates in engineering and natural sciences 1) Per 100.00 Labour Force, age 25 to 34 1) Course of studies: bioscience, lifescience, physics, math/statistics, IT, engineering, construction *) 2000 instead of 2002 Source: OECD, Online Labour Database – OECD Education Online Database – ZEW/HIS Calculations. Quoted in: BMB

  24. Challenges face the NIS in Germany • Demographic Factors • The Situation of the Educational System, • particularly the Tertiary • The Situation of High Qualified labour

  25. Tertiary Education in the OECD-Countries in 2002 – Graduates between 25-34 years (in %) Source: OECD, FIBS, NIW. Quoted in: BMB.

  26. Tertiary Education in the OECD-Countries in 2002 – Graduates between 55-64 years (in %) Source: OECD, FIBS, NIW. Quoted in: BMB

  27. Sources of Innovation Processes in Germany (Fraunhofer Gesellschaft) Source:Fraunhofer Fraunhofer Gesellschaft: Deutschland innovative 2004

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