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Learn the deliberate methods of persuasion through personal, psychological, and logical appeals. Explore competence, integrity, goodwill, and more. Master different types of reasoning and avoid common fallacies for effective communication.
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Chapter 10 Persuasion (a deliberate attempt to influence the thought and behavior of others through the use of personal, psychological, and logical appeals)
Personal Proof • Competence • Integrity • Goodwill • Image • Credibility
Psychological Proof • Attitudes • Motives • Physical • Social • Specific Motive Appeals • Sex • Security • Approval • Conformity • Success • Creativity
Logical Proof • Reasoning • Argumentation (a premise and conclusion) Deductive Reasoning vs. Inductive Reasoning GENERAL to SPECIFIC 3 step pattern, syllogism Major premise: KKK means trouble Minor premise: Mark is in KKK Conclusion: Mark is a troublemaker SPECIFIC to GENERAL Read Stats that show people with college degrees earn more So if I get a higher education, I too will earn more!
Other Forms of Reasoning • Reasoning by Comparison (literal-figurative) • Reasoning from Cause and Effect Unwarranted or hasty generalization Ad Populum Fallacies Errors in causal induction * post hoc (after this, therefore, because of this) * non sequitur (it does not follow) Red Herring Ad Hominem Begging the Question Ignoring the Question False Analogy Either/Or Fallacy
Types of Persuasive Speeches Speeches to Convince (American Indians Deserve Respect) Speeches to Reinforce (Robert Kennedy Eulogy) Speeches to Actuate