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War in Europe 1939 & 1940

War in Europe 1939 & 1940. Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty. See’s the League did nothing to Japan- build up army. League could not stop him Actually makes Hitler more confident Rhineland Buffer between Germany and France Hitler invades despite warnings. Austria & Sudetenland.

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War in Europe 1939 & 1940

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  1. War in Europe1939 & 1940

  2. Hitler Ignores Versailles Treaty • See’s the League did nothing to Japan- build up army. • League could not stop him • Actually makes Hitler more confident • Rhineland • Buffer between Germany and France • Hitler invades despite warnings

  3. Austria & Sudetenland • March 1938 German troops march into Austria • Munich Agreement • Hitler invited French premier & British prime minister- Chamberlain to meet • Hitler only wanted the Sudetenland • Appeasement

  4. Was Hitler really done?

  5. Poland • Hitler set his sights on Poland • Hitler signs Nonaggression Pact with Stalin • Why? • Secret plan: Germany and Soviet Union agreed to divide Poland.

  6. Sept. 1, 1939-Blitzkrieg- “lightning war”- fast tanks- fast planes- Germans done in 3 weeks. *Stalin sent Soviet troops to occupy the Eastern half of Poland • Sept. 3, 1939- France & Britain declare war

  7. Phony War • French & British soldiers waiting for German soldiers to invade France • German soldiers waiting for French & British soldiers to invade Germany. • Sneaky Germans invade France through wooded area (Ardennes Forest) • Germans trap 400,000 French soldiers • 1940 Italy enters war- invades France from south D U N K I R K

  8. The Road To War

  9. U.S. Helps • Cash and Carry- U.S. sells weapons to nations at war: • Pay cash & transport weapons in own ships • Why? • Lend-Lease Act- March 1941-lend arms to any country whose defense was vital to the U.S. *Are we an isolationist country at this point? *So much for Hitler & Stalin’s budding friendship! • U.S. gives aid to Stalin after Hitler invades U.S.S.R • “If Hitler invaded Hell, we would be willing to work with the devil himself” ~Winston Churchill

  10. FDR popular but his foreign policy was not liked • Atlantic Charter- England & U.S. - U.S. did not join the war, but agreed on war aims • Collective security, freedom of the seas, disarmament… • Oct. 1941-German U-boats fire on U.S. Ships • Roosevelt ordered the Navy to shoot U-boats on sight • U.S. destroyer Reuben James sunk- killing 100 sailors • By Oct. 1941 the U.S. is in an undeclared war with Nazi Germany in the Atlantic

  11. Militaristic Japan • Emperor reigns but doesn’t rule • 1920’s extreme military leaders attempted to overthrow the emperor. • Great Depression put blame on government • Unsuccessful • Military leaders launch surprise attack on China anyway • In Manchuria • Why would Japan want to invade another country?

  12. Manchukuo- 1931 Civil War • Within months Japan’s military controlled this area • Set up a “puppet government” Why didn’t China win against tiny Japan? • Back in 1912- Democracy established in China • Chiang Kai-shek (democratic) could not defeat the Japanese • Better equipped and trained (westernization) • Conquer Beijing and Nanjing • The Democratic Chinese set up new capital in west and continue to fight Mao Zedong (a Chinese communist)

  13. Fast Forward To 1937 ---- Six Years Later

  14. Japanese Militarists • By 1935- all Chinese agree to fight together • July 1937- Japan invades China again • Japan takes the Marco Polo Bridge • Japan moves south- into Indochina • Hideki Tojo leader of military becomes Japan’s Prime Minister • U.S. - Japan Negotiations • U.S. wants Japan to retreat to Manchukuo • U.S. cuts off trade with Japan- 1 very important resource?!? WRITE IT DOWN!!! • What problems would this bring about for Japan?

  15. Japan Prepares • Ship charter in Pearl Harbor • Japan scouted many areas in the South Pacific for an attack. • Japan was not wanting to go to war, instead the militarists wanted to show the U.S. that Japan was a force to be reckoned with. • Japan wanted one BIG attack in order for the U.S. to give in. • Meanwhile, the U.S. freezes all Japanese bank accounts in U.S.

  16. Attack on Pearl Harbor • U.S. broke codes knew Japan was going to attack in the South Pacific. • December 7, 1941- Early morning Surprise • 180 Japanese warplanes • 1 hour and 30 minutes • Japanese 80% success • 2,403 Americans killed & 1,178 wounded • Sunk/damaged 21 U.S. ships • 300 airplanes damaged • Japan thought the U.S. would negotiate spheres of influence • December 8, 1941- U.S. declares war on Japan • December 11, 1941- Germany & Italy declare war on U.S.

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