Theories of Learning Behaviorism and Cognitivism

1. Theories of LearningBehaviorism and Cognitivism Alberto Escobar EDTC 3320 Fall 2013

2. Introduction Learning is one of the most important activities in which humans engage. It is at the very core of the educational process, although most of what people learn occurs outside of school. For many years, philosophers and psychologists have tried to understand the nature of learning, how it occurs, and how one person can influence the learning of another person through behavior. Behavioral theories provide very good explanations for certain kinds of learning, likewise other theorist say learning depends on the mind.

3. John B. Watson Behaviorism John B. Watson Is Best Known For: Behaviorism theory The little Albert Experiment Achievements and Awards 1915 – Served as the President of the American Psychological Award(APA) 1919 – Published Psychology From the Standpoint of a Behaviorist 1925 – Published Behaviorism 1928 – Published Psychological Care of Infant and Child 1957 – Received the APA's award for contributions to psychology

4. Behaviorism Behaviorism is a learning theory that believes that behaviors and learning are influenced through positive and negative reinforcements. Some examples include positive reinforcement thru rewards and some negative by being punished.

5. learning theories TheoryWatson coined the term “Behaviorism" in 1913. Behaviorism assumes that behavior is observable and can be correlated with other observable events. In The Ways of Behaviorism, Watson states that behaviorism is the scientific study of human behavior.

6. Jean Piaget Jean Piaget (1896-1980) He is best know for developing the stages of cognitive development Served as President: Swiss Commission UNESCO Swiss Society of Psychology French Language Association of Scientific Psychology International Union of Scientific Psychology Honorary Doctorates: Harvard (1936) Manchester (1959) Cambridge (1962)

7. Cognitivism Cognitivism is the learning theory that believes we create our own learning by reflecting on our own past experiences and the world around us.

8. Learning theory Piaget's Cognitive Theory: Cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes as a result of biological maturation and environmental experience. Paget's Cognitive theory are based on these: Schemas(building blocks of knowledge) Processes that enable the transition from one stage to another (equilibrium, assimilation and accommodation) Stages of Development

9. Behaviorism and Adult Learning Behaviorism has impacted classrooms by applying that the environment can cause behavior attitudes, and this has lead to stricter penalties with students to keep them in line.

10. Cognitivism and Adult Learning Cognitvism has impacted classroom by opening the idea of learning thru past experiences and improving future results. The past experiences help students to be aware of past mistakes, and how to overcome failure.

11. Conclusion The learning theories have broaden our understanding of learning, and Piaget point of view of learning thru past experience is one way to see it. Likewise, behaviorism is learned thru the environment and educators should learned from these theories, because it promotes understanding on how the learning is develop.

12. References Cherry, K. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://psychology.about.com/od/profilesofmajorthinkers/p/watson.htm Watson, E. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.muskingum.edu/~psych/psycweb/history/watson.htm Cooper, S. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/behaviorism/Watson.html

13. Refrences McLeod, S. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www .simplypsychology.org/piaget.html James, A. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/piaget.htm Smith, L. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.piaget.org/aboutPiaget.html