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Translation Tools

Translation Tools. Translation Memory Systems Text Concordance Tools Useful Websites. Translation Memory Systems. General principles and features Scope of application with legal texts: pros and cons Demonstration of OmegaT Hands-on experience with OmegaT. Principles and Features I.

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Translation Tools

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  1. practical aspects Translation Tools • Translation Memory Systems • Text Concordance Tools • Useful Websites

  2. practical aspects Translation Memory Systems • General principles and features • Scope of application with legal texts: pros and cons • Demonstration of OmegaT • Hands-on experience with OmegaT

  3. practical aspects Principles and Features I • Translate only once, re-use of already translated text: • Internal recurrenceSegments, which are occur more than once in the source text and have not been translated before and thus have not been saved in the translation memory (exact matches) match propagation. • External recurrencetext segments which have been previously translated in other texts and thus are saved in the translation memory • Consistency of text and terminology:identical text will always be translated the same way

  4. practical aspects Principles and Features II • Keep format information intactthat means separating text from layout information • edit text in an editor • use of filters for different file formats • import = replace layout information with placeholders • export = replace placeholders with original layout information

  5. practical aspects • How does it work? • the text is splitted up in text chunks (=segments) which can be sentences or paragraphs. • each segment is matched to the translation memory • exact match • fuzzy match • match-percentage: value of minimal similarity between a new text segment to translate and a segment found in the memory • segments will be saved in pairs: source language text and target language text • these form translation units (TU) in translation memories

  6. practical aspects Segmentation rules • Sentence level • Pro: smaller text segments = higher reusability better matching • Con: sentence for sentence translation method, more post-editing needed • Paragraph level • Pro: bigger text segments = better translation quality, less post-editing • Con: lower reusability

  7. practical aspects Best context for the use of TM • Conventionalized text structures • Stereotypical formulations • Identical macrostructure • Frequent updates of a text

  8. practical aspects Legal texts types • Best suited for translation memory systems are highly standardized legal text types such as: • bylaws (e.g. http://www.weown.net/cooperat.htm)‏ • contracts, agreements (e.g. http://www.lomb.cgil.it/rsuibm/1999627a.htm)‏ • sentences • administrative legal texts

  9. practical aspects Commercial Software • SDL Trados Translator's Workbench • SDLX (SDL)‏ • DejaVu (Atril)‏ • Transit (Star)‏ • MemoQ • MultiTrans (Multicorpora)‏ • Wordfast (Champollion)‏ • Heartsome Translation Suite

  10. practical aspects OmegaT • OpenSource Translation Memory • http://www.omegat.org/omegat/omegat.html • requirements • Java Runtime Environment (http://www.sun.com)‏

  11. practical aspects Corpus and Concordance Tools A corpus is a collection of pieces of language that are selected and ordered according to explicit linguistic criteria in order to be used as a sample of the language. (EAGLES, 1996)‏ use of corpora: • Word frequency • Lexical context • Syntactic context • Semantic context • Style

  12. practical aspects Legal Corpora • Criteria for a legal corpus: • Legal system and language • General legal corpus (e.g. Austrian legal language) = extensive, very large to be representativ • Specific legal corpus (e.g. Austrian legal language for Civil Law) = still large • Specilized legal corpus (e.g. Austrian legal language for succession law) = manageable • Genre specific corpus (e.g. Austrian testaments) = very manageable and suited for translation purposes

  13. practical aspects Concordance Tools • TextStat2 http://www.niederlandistik.fu-berlin.de/textstat/software-en.html • AntConc 3.2http://www.antlab.sci.waseda.ac.jp/software.html • Literature: • Pearson, Jennifer; Bowker, Lynne (2002): Working with specialized language. a practical guide to using corpora. Routledge, London. • Bowker, Lynne (2002): Computer-aided Translation Technology. A Practical Introduction. University of Ottawa Press, Ottawa. .

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