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Acid – Base Titrations

Acid – Base Titrations. Titration of HCl with NaOH. 0.00 mL Titrant Added Titration Reaction H + OH - H 2 O end = 0.1000 M = 0 M lots Equilibrium Reaction H 2 O H + OH - Initial lots 0.1000 0 Change - x + x + x Equilibrium lots ~ 0.1000 x

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Acid – Base Titrations

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  1. Acid – Base Titrations

  2. Titration of HCl with NaOH

  3. 0.00 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction H+OH-H2O end = 0.1000 M = 0 M lots Equilibrium Reaction H2O H+ OH- Initial lots 0.1000 0 Change - x + x + x Equilibrium lots ~0.1000 x [H+] = 0.1000 M Concentration pH = - log(0.1000) = 1.00

  4. 25.00 mLTitrantAdded (Equivalence Point) Titration Reaction H+OH-H2O start (0.1000M)(0.02500L) (0.1000M)(0.02500L) = 0.002500 mol = 0.002500 mol = 0 mol end 0 mol 0 mol lots = 0 M = 0 M lots Equilibrium Reaction H2O H+ OH- Initial lots 0 0 Change - x + x + x Equilibrium lots x x 10-14 = x2 x = [H+] = 10-7 M Concentration pH = - log(10-7) = 7.00

  5. 50.00 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction H+OH-H2O start (0.1000M)(0.02500L) (0.1000M)(0.05000L) = 0.002500 mol = 0.005000 mol = 0 mol end 0 mol 0.002500 mol 0.002500 mol 0.002500mol/0.07500L = 0 M = 0.03333 M lots Equilibrium Reaction H2O H+ OH- Initial lots 0 0.03333 Change - x + x + x Equilibrium lots x ~0.03333 [OH-] = 0.03333 M Concentration pOH = - log(0.03333) = 1.50 or pH = 14 - 1.50 = 12.50

  6. Concentration Effects 0.1 M HCltitrated with 0.1 M NaOH 0.001 M HCltitrated with 0.001 M NaOH Methyl Red Indicator Thymol Blue Indicator Phenolphthalein Indicator

  7. Strong Acid vs. Strong Base Titration

  8. Titration of HAc with NaOH

  9. 0.00 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction HAcOH- Ac-H2O end = 0.1000 M = 0 M = 0M lots Equilibrium Reaction HAc H+ Ac- Initial 0.1000 0 0 Change - x + x + x Equilibrium ~0.10000 x x 1.75 x 10-5 = x2 / 0.1000 x = [H+] = 0.00132 M Concentration pH = - log(0.00132) = 2.88

  10. 12.50 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction HAcOH-Ac-H2O start (0.1000M)(0.02500L) (0.1000M)(0.01250L) = 0.002500 mol = 0.001250 mol 00 end 0.001250 mol 0 mol0.001250 0.00125 0.001250mol/0.03750L = 0.03333 M = 0 M = 0.03333 M lots Equilibrium Reaction HAc H+ Ac- Initial 0.03333 0 0.03333 pH = 4.76 + log(0.03333/0.03333) = 4.76 Concentration pH = 4.76

  11. 25.00 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction HAcOH-Ac-H2O start (0.1000M)(0.02500L) (0.1000M)(0.02500L) = 0.002500 mol = 0.002500 mol 00 end 0 mol 0 mol0.0025000.002500 0.002500/0.05000 = 0 M = 0 M = 0.05000 lots Equilibrium Reaction Ac-H2OHAcOH- Initial 0.05000 lots 00 Change - x - x + x + x Equilibrium ~0.05000 lots xx Kb = 10-14 / (1.75 x 10-5) = 5.71 x 10-10 = x2 / 0.05000 x = [OH-] = 5.34 x 10-6 M Concentration pOH = - log(5.34 x 10-6) = 5.27 orpH = 14 - 5.27 = 8.73

  12. 50.00 mLTitrant Added Titration Reaction HAcOH-Ac-H2O start (0.1000M)(0.02500L) (0.1000M)(0.05000L) = 0.002500 mol = 0.005000 mol 00 end 0 mol 0.002500 mol 0.002500 0.002500 mol 0.002500mol/0.07500L = 0 M = 0.03333 M = 0.03333 M lots Equilibrium Reaction Ac-H2OHAcOH- Initial 0.03333 lots 00.03333 Change - x - x + x + x Equilibrium ~0.03333 lots x~0.03333 [OH-] = 0.03333 M Concentration pOH = - log(0.03333) = 1.48 orpH = 14 - 1.48 = 12.52

  13. Methyl Red Thymol Blue Phenolphthalein

  14. Effect of Concentration and Strength

  15. Weak Acid vs. Weak Base Titration

  16. Acid-Base Indicators Phenolphthalein Basic Form = Pink Acidic Form = Colorless

  17. Bromothymol Blue

  18. 0.1 M HAc titrated with 0.1 M NaOH Methyl Red Indicator Phenolphthalein Indicator

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