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Overview of Existing and Recommended Indices and Objectives Relating to Voltage Quality and Supply Continuity

2. Content. Introduction 1.1 - JWG C4.071.2 - JWG C4.1032.Power Quality Indices and Objectives2.1 Harmonics2.2 Flicker2.3 Voltage Unbalance 2.4 Voltage Dips3.Supply Continuity Indices Long interruptions indices : Proposed philosophyConclusions. 3. 1.1 - JWG C4.07. Power Quality Indices a

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Overview of Existing and Recommended Indices and Objectives Relating to Voltage Quality and Supply Continuity

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    1. Overview of Existing and Recommended Indices and Objectives Relating to Voltage Quality and Supply Continuity On behalf of CIGRÉ/CIRED JWG C4.07 and C4.103 G. Beaulieu, convenor Hydro-Québec - TransÉnergie

    2. 2 Content Introduction 1.1 - JWG C4.07 1.2 - JWG C4.103 2. Power Quality Indices and Objectives 2.1 Harmonics 2.2 Flicker 2.3 Voltage Unbalance 2.4 Voltage Dips 3. Supply Continuity Indices Long interruptions indices : Proposed philosophy Conclusions

    3. 3 1.1 - JWG C4.07 Power Quality Indices and Objectives: Researching available power quality measurement data for MV, HV and EHV systems with the intention of recommending a set of internationally relevant power quality indices and objectives for guiding SO in their discussion with regulator/users. CIGRÉ JWG C4.07/CIRED: Aug. 2000 to Oct. 2003 Important task : WG gathered PQ measurement data from several different countries across a number of monitoring points over a number of years; Harmonics, Unbalance, Flicker, Dips and Interruptions. Final report published as CIGRÉ TB 261.

    4. 4 Technical Brochure #261:

    5. 5 1.2 - JWG C4.103 Emission Limits for Disturbing Installations : Updating and supplementing the IEC recommendations on how to set and apply emission limits for installations (LV to EHV). CIGRÉ/CIRED JWG C4.103 : Oct. 2003 to June 2007 32 experts from 19 countries (see paper #0893) Four Deliverables to IEC : » TR 61000-3-6 Ed. 2 on Harmonics » TR 61000-3-7 Ed 2 on Flicker » TR 61000-3-13 on Voltage Unbalance » Fut. TR 61000-3-14 for LV installations (May 2007)

    6. 6 2 - Power Quality indices and objectives General considerations: Common, preferably standardized, power quality indices are needed to enable consistent evaluation of system performance. Two categories of indices are recommended: Indices for planning purposes : ? Internal objectives; Indices for reporting performance: ? External objectives. Two levels of indices for reporting external objectives: Site indices (some existing); System indices (still missing in particular at HV-EHV). However, regarding power quality objectives, the need is for different levels of quality, because the situation is different from one region or from one country to another.

    7. 7 2.1 – For harmonics

    8. 8 2.1 – Harmonic Planning Levels

    9. 9 2.1 – HV-EHV recommended V.C.

    10. 10 2.2 – For flicker

    11. 11 2.3 – For voltage unbalance

    12. 12 2.3 – Voltage unbalance P.L. Indicative planning levels given in future IEC 61000-3-13 Voltage characteristics at HV and EHV to be chosen as to coordinate with the P.L. based on the actual system characteristics.

    13. 13 2.4 – For voltage dips Two fundamental characteristics (IEC 61000-2-8): Lowest retained voltage (any phase); Longest duration (can be started on one phase and terminated on a different phase); IEC 61000-4-30 defines measurement methods. A five step procedure to obtain system indices is described in IEEE P1564. System indices can be calculated from the value not exceeded by 95% of monitored sites, for instance. From these basic characteristics, different reporting methods are possible (Unipede Table, Contour chart, V-t curve, etc.). Site objectives cannot be given due to very large difference to be expected at different sites.

    14. 14 3 – Indices for Supply continuity For distribution systems, consider work done by IEEE 1366. For transmission, three categories of indices are proposed: Connection Point Interruption Performance (CPI); End-Customer Load Interruption Performance (CLI); System Interrupted Energy Performance. They describe different aspects of interruption performance : Need to report performance of Tx. S. separately from its impact on distribution customers (connection point) Need to report performance of Tx. S. on the same basis as D.S. (need to get information from DSO on # customers); Similar to 2, but using EENS (estimated energy not supplied) and size of the load interrupted (MW) instead.

    15. 15 3. Connection Point Interruption

    16. 16 3 – Indices for Supply continuity Proposed philosophy for transmission systems is to define system interruption performance at connection points it is required to supply : Delivery points; Reception points (eventually). Interruptions can be characterized by 3 parameters: Frequency (SAIFI-MI and -SI) Duration (SAIDI) Severity (lost load : System Minutes for transmission) For objectives, the dominant benchmarking approach is based on the historical performance of the company itself. New WG C4.105 will make further recommendations

    17. 17 4. Conclusions CIGRÉ TB261 gives recommendations on PQ indices and objectives made by JWG C4.07 , including measurement results gathered internationally for MV, HV and EHV systems: Harmonics: 12 surveys, totaling 680 valid sites; Flicker: 11 surveys, totaling 247 sites; Unbalance: Updated by C4.103 : over 1800 sites from LV to EHV (See paper #0892) Dips: 14 surveys, totaling 1230 monitor-years The 4 reports that JWG C4.103 prepared for IEC should provide a comprehensive approach for setting emission limits adapted to the system characteristics while allowing coordination of disturbances between different parts of the supply system. Thank you for your attention !

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