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Effective Learning Strategies for College Success

Discover strategies involving review and self-testing, such as paraphrasing, self-testing, and learning journaling, to enhance academic learning through writing. Explore SQ3R method and how to adapt study systems for different disciplines.

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Effective Learning Strategies for College Success

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  1. Chapter 15: Study and Review Strategies College Reading and Study Skills, Ninth Edition by Kathleen T. McWhorter

  2. Objective: • In this chapter you will discover several learning strategies that involve review and self-testing. • LEARNING PRINCIPLE: For academic learning, self-testing, often through writing, is an effective way to measure what you have learned.

  3. Learning through Writing • Paraphrasing: restatement of a passage’s ideas in your own words. • Self-Testing: writing exam questions and answers in your own words. • Keeping a Learning Journal: general reactions to course content. 3 ways to learn through writing

  4. How to Paraphrase • Read slowly and carefully. • Read the material through entirely. • As you read, pay attention to exact meanings and relationships among ideas. • Paraphrase (in your own words) sentence by sentence. • Read, reread, then look away and write your own sentence. Reread for anything you missed.

  5. How to Paraphrase • Don’t try to paraphrase word for word. Instead, work with ideas. • For words or phrases you are unsure of, check a dictionary for a more familiar meaning. • Combine several sentences into one concise sentence. • Follow the author’s arrangement of ideas. • When finished, reread your paraphrase.

  6. To Create Self-Test Questions • Multiple-choice or true-false questions are too time consuming. • Matching questions are for factual recall only. • Open-ended questions are best (see Figure 15.4 for examples). • Write the questions one day and answer them a day or two later.

  7. To Create Self-Test Questions • As you answer your questions, respond in complete sentences. • Take time to review and critique your answers. • Rewrite answers that are poorly done or incomplete. • Save your answers and review them the evening before the exam.

  8. Keeping a Learning Journal: What to Include • General Reactions to Course Content • Unique Features of Assignments • What You Like and What You Don’t Like about the Course • Problems Encountered with a Particular Assignment • Techniques That Worked (and Why)

  9. Keeping a Learning Journal: What to Include • Techniques That Didn’t Work (and Why) • New Ideas for Approaching the Material • Changes You Made in Using Various Techniques • Analysis and Reactions to Exams after You Take Them and Again When They Are Returned

  10. SQ3R: A Classic System • Survey: the general content of the material. • Question: questions to answer as you read. • Read: read section by section. • Recite: stop and check if you have answered your questions for that section. • Review: after you have read the whole assignment. See Figure 15.6 in your book.

  11. What to “Survey” • Read the title. • Read the introduction. • Read boldface headings and the first sentence that follows them. • Read titles of maps, charts, diagrams, etc. • Read end-of-chapter questions. You should now know how the book is organized.

  12. Revising the SQ3R System • Add an “Evaluate” Step • Why is the information important? • How can I use it? • How does it fit with the class lectures? • How is the chapter related to previous ones? • Is there enough evidence to support the ideas? • Is the author biased? • What are the author’s tone and purpose? • Consider Your Learning Style (Refer to the learning style questionnaire in chapter 2.)

  13. Adapting Your System for Different Academic Disciplines • Mathematics: sample problems • Literature: interpreting, reacting, analyzing • Sciences: prereading for facts, principles, formulas, and processes • Social Sciences: specialized vocabulary Ask: What type of learning is required? Ask: What must I do to learn this type of material?

  14. Summary Questions • Why is paraphrasing a useful study strategy? • What are the advantages of self-testing? • How can a learning journal help you find the study techniques that work for you?

  15. Summary Questions • What is the SQ3R system? • Why is it effective? • How can you adapt your reading-study system for different academic disciplines?

  16. Take a Reading Road Trip! Take a trip to FLORIDA and visit the Outlining, Summarizing, Mapping, and Paraphrasing module on your CD-ROM.

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