C HAPTER 6

1. CHAPTER 6 Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

2. Chapter Contents • Section A: Web Technology • Section B: Basic Web Page Authoring • Section C: Web Page Extensions, Scripts, and Programs • Section D: E-commerce Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

3. Section A: Web Technology • The Web, the Net, and Hypertext • HTML and XHTML • Web Browsers • Helper Applications, Plug-ins, and Players • HTTP • Web Servers • Cookies Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

4. The Web, the Net, and Hypertext • The Web is an interlinked collection of information • A hypertext is a group of interlinked files • Hypertext link • An HTML document is one way to store data for a Web page • HTML tags (most come in pairs) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

5. The Web, the Net, and Hypertext Web browsers and Web servers exchange HTTP messages. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

6. HTML and XHTML • HTML is a markup language containing special instructions • HTML is not a case sensitive language • World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) developed and revises HTML specifications • XHTML is the follow-up version to HTML 4 • HTML tags are enclosed in angle brackets • Self-closing tags • Formatting tags, link tags, media tags, and operational tags Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

7. HTML and XHTML Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

8. HTML and XHTML Most browsers include a menu option for viewing an HTML source document and the HTML tags it contains. This example illustrates how to view source HTML while using Internet Explorer. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

9. Web Browsers • Help you access Web pages • Upgrade to new browser versions as they become available • Popular browsers include: • Netscape Navigator • Internet Explorer • Opera • Firefox Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

10. Helper Applications, Plug-ins, and Players • Helper applications extend the browser’s ability to work with file formats • A plug-in is a type of helper application • A player is any helper application or plug-in that helps a browser display a particular file format Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

11. HTTP HTTP messages flow between a browser and a Web server. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

12. Web Servers • Includes HTTP software to fulfill HTTP requests • Server farms can handle thousands of requests each second • Excessive demand can crash a Web server • HTTP uses port 80 Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

13. Cookies • Small chunk of data generated by a Web server and stored on your computer’s hard disk and can be used later • Fix problems caused by HTTP’s stateless protocol • Relatively safe • Your computer does not have to accept cookies, but it may affect your ability to do things online, such as making purchases Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

14. Section B: Basic Web Page Authoring • Web Page Authoring Tools • Basic Web Page Components • Formats, Styles, and Style Sheets • Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation • Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots • HTML Forms • Tables and Frames • Testing and Posting Web Pages Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

15. Web Page Authoring Tools • Text editor • Must save files as .htm or .html • Similar to a word processor • HTML conversion tool • Web authoring software • Microsoft FrontPage • Macromedia Dreamweaver Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

16. Basic Web Page Components • Head section • Body section • Web page header Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

17. Formats, Styles, and Style Sheets • HTML formatting tags • Cascading style sheet (CSS) • Acts as a template for one or more Web pages Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

18. Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

19. Web Page Graphics, Sound, and Animation CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

20. Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots • HTML for a link specifies a destination and a label • Labels can be text or graphical • Internal link • External link • Intrapage link • mailto link • Image maps are images with clickable areas • Hot spots • Broken links are nonfunctioning links Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

21. Links, Buttons, and Hot Spots Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

22. HTML Forms • Series of fill-in blanks creating using HTML tags • Information entered into a form can be processed by a CGI or ASP script on the Web server Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

23. Tables and Frames • A Web page table is a grid of cells that can be used as a layout tool • Easy to create • Flexible Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

24. Tables and Frames Expert Web designers suggest using frames sparingly and making sure that frames close when linking to other sites. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

25. Testing and Posting Web Pages • Test each page locally • Transfer pages to a Web server • Test all pages and links • Update your site to keep it current Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

26. Section C: Web Page Extensions / Scripts / Programs • DHTML • XML and XSL • JavaScript and VBScript • Java Applets • ActiveX Controls Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

27. DHTML • Combination of HTML tags, CSS, and scripts DHTML effects usually activate as a result of a mouseover. In this example, moving the mouse over the Chapter 4 button changes the color of the button and displays a pop-up overview of the chapter. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

28. XML and XSL • XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a method for putting structured data into a text file using tags and attributes • DTD (Document Type Definition) files contain the tags used in XML file • XSL (eXtensible Stylesheet Language) is used to control the display of data in an XML document Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

29. JavaScript and VBScript • Scripts instruct the browser to perform specific actions or respond to specific user actions • JavaScript and VBScript are the most popular scripting languages • Scripts can either run on the client (client-side script) or the server (server-side script) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

30. JavaScript and VBScript • Scripting errors occur when a browser or server cannot execute one or more statements in a script Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

31. Java Applets • Small Java applications Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

32. Java Applets • They cannot open, modify, delete, or create files on your computer • They cannot make any network connections except to the originating site • They cannot start other programs Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

33. ActiveX Controls • Compiled computer program that can be referenced from within an HTML document • Installed on computer’s hard disk • Designed only for the Windows platform Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

34. ActiveX Controls • Most ActiveX controls are safe • Contain digital certificate • Digital certificates are obtained through a certificate authority Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

35. Section D: E-commerce • E-commerce Basics • Online Shopping • Shopping Carts • Transaction Privacy and Security Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

36. E-commerce Basics • Business transactions conducted electronically over a computer network • B2C (business-to-consumer) • C2C (consumer-to-consumer) • B2B (business-to-business) • B2G (business-to-government) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

37. E-commerce Basics • Enhances traditional business models • Styles of online advertisements • Banner ad • Pop-up ad • Click-through rate • Ad-blocking software prevents ads from appearing on screens Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

38. Online Shopping In a typical shopping session, you connect to an online storefront and use navigation controls to browse through the merchant’s catalog. As you browse, you can drop items into your electronic shopping cart. At the checkout counter, you enter the information necessary to pay for the items you selected. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

39. Shopping Carts Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

40. Shopping Carts Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

41. Transaction Privacy and Security • Web sites can surreptitiously collect data about your browsing and purchasing habits • Spyware surreptitiously gathers information • Ad-serving cookies track your activities at any site containing banner ads from a third party • Clear GIFs can set cookies to third party sites Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

42. Transaction Privacy and Security • Packet sniffers monitor data as it travels over networks • You should use a secure connection when involved in an electronic transaction • SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) • S-HTTP (secure HTTP) Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

43. Transaction Privacy and Security • Merchant databases may be accessed without authorization • Dishonest employees • Fake storefronts may be used to collecting data • Enter URLs correctly • Hackers may be able to steal credit card numbers from your hard disk Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

44. Transaction Privacy and Security An electronic wallet can transfer your billing and shipping information to a participating site’s e-commerce Web server when you check out. CLICK TO START Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

45. Transaction Privacy and Security • Person-to-person payments are an alternative to credit cards • The payment service is the only entity that sees your credit card number • Service is in its infancy Chapter 6: Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce

46. CHAPTER 6 COMPLETE Web Pages, Web Sites, and E-commerce