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Background

The role of law in regulating offshore energy production and securing energy supply Hannah Katharina Müller, LL.M. Groningen Centre of Energy Law University of Groningen . Conventional energy sources are limited Security of Supply Increase the share of renewable energy sources. Background.

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Background

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  1. The role of law in regulating offshore energy production and securing energy supplyHannah Katharina Müller, LL.M.Groningen Centre of Energy LawUniversity of Groningen

  2. Conventional energy sources are limited • Security of Supply • Increase the share of renewable energy sources Background

  3. Basics international law of the sea Development offshore oil and gas exploitation Offshore wind energy European offshore grid? Adequate legal framework?

  4. Truman Proclamation • 1958 Geneva Conventions • Continental Shelf • 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea • EEZ History International Law

  5. Territorial sea • Full jurisdiction, all laws apply • Continental Shelf • Sovereign rights regarding offshore energy exploitation • Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) • Sovereign rights for economic exploitation • Freedom of other states, but national focus Basic legal framework

  6. How to regulate? • All North Sea states chose a licensing regime • Landing obligation • Hydrocarbon Licensing Directive • First step towards an internal market Offshore oil and gas in Europe

  7. Still busy establishing the legal framework • Basics under UNCLOS • Different approaches have been developed • Most common: • Certain wind energy areas • Tendering procedure Offshore wind in the North Sea

  8. How to bring energy to demand centres? • Who is responsible for cables connecting offshore wind farms to shore? • NL: part of the installation, WF developer • UK: tendered to OFTO • DE: national TSO • Lack of infrastructure Offshore infrastructure

  9. Legal frameworks have been developed for national exploitation of energy • Two types of offshore infrastructure • Cables connecting OWF: sovereign rights • Interconnectors: freedom to lay cables • More cooperation required Go beyond current approach?

  10. Example

  11. National RES targets • National Support Schemes • Example Cobra • Recent development: Case C-573/12 EU Law

  12. A common (European or regional) approach would facilitate a more efficient connection and the security of supply Under current legal regimes, an offshore grid will not come into existence The North Sea States have to become active! Conclusion

  13. Thank your for your attention.H.K.Muller@rug.nl

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