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GURU GRANTH SAHIB

GURU GRANTH SAHIB. Camp FATEH Guru Arjan Sahib May 27 – 30, 2005. Collection of Baani . Guru Nanak carried blank pages with him wherever he went and wrote his compositions Writings of 15 Bhagats collected by Guru Nanak during his travels Pothis passed down from first four Gurus.

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GURU GRANTH SAHIB

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  1. GURU GRANTH SAHIB Camp FATEH Guru Arjan Sahib May 27 – 30, 2005

  2. Collection of Baani • Guru Nanak carried blank pages with him wherever he went and wrote his compositions • Writings of 15 Bhagats collected by Guru Nanak during his travels • Pothis passed down from first four Gurus

  3. Need for Compilation • Question Why do you think Guru Arjan Sahib decided to compile the Guru’s baanis even though they were already written down?

  4. Need for Compilation • Gurbaani spread by word of mouth • Musicians cutting lines short • Poets wrote under name of ‘Nanak’ • Amount of baani growing • Eg. Guru Arjan Sahib – 2218 shabads • Stray compositions

  5. Need for Compilation • Authentication • Standardization • Preservation • Establish permanence

  6. Compilation of Baanis

  7. Compilation of Baanis • Guru Sahib as editor • Eg. Guru Sahib added his own Baanis and selectively chose baanis of the Bhagats • Eg. Added Saloks before Vaars and Bhagat Baanis for clarificatoin • Eg. Shud, Shud Keechai pauVI ] vfy kIAw vifAweIAw ikCu khxw khxu n jwie ] so krqw kwdru krImu dy jIAw irjku sMbwih ] sweI kwr kmwvxI Duir CofI iqMnY pwie ] nwnk eykI bwhrI hor dUjI nwhI jwie ] so kry ij iqsY rjwie ]24]1] suDu] {pMnw 475}

  8. Gurdwara Ramsar

  9. Installation of Adi Granth

  10. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Copies of the Granth • Arrangement for a 2nd copy of the Granth in Bohat, 12 scribes supervised by Bhai Banno • Corrupted by addition of unauthorized Baanis and removal of pages, Khari Bir • All other copies were made from this copy, this volume is known as Banno’s Bir • Less than 100 copies existed by Guru Teg Bahadur’s time, location unknown

  11. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Message of Baani challenged • Complaints made to Moghul Rulers that the Baani contained rebellious writings • Emperor Akbar met with Guru Arjan Sahib and was delighted by the message of truth, offered a gift of gold coins to Guru Sahib • Expressed the support and respect of state

  12. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Transported to Kiratpur • In 1635, Guru Hargobind Sahib shifted his headquarters to Kiratpur and brought the Adi Granth with him • In 1644, the bir was stolen by Dhir Mal who refused to return it to the Guru and kept it at his home in Kartarpur • The bir was obtained forcibly by the Sikhs, but Guru Teg Bahadur Sahib ordered that it be returned to Dhir Mal’s home • Now known as the Kartarpuri Bir

  13. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Perversion of Baani • Enemies of the Sikhs targeted Gurbaani • Ram Rai was sent to defend the Adi Granth in the court of Emperor Aurangzeb • He defied his father and changed a line of Gurbaani to impress the Emperor • Guru Sahib abandoned his son

  14. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Guru Gobind Singh prepared a new edition of the Granth with Bhai Mani Singh as his scribe at Talwandi Sabo

  15. Bhai Mani Singh

  16. Adi Granth to Guru Granth • Included all the baani in Adi Granth, as well as the baani of Guru Teg Bahadur • Installed the final and current version of the Guru Granth at Nanded in 1705 • In 1708, the Guruship was passed to the Guru Granth, ending the physical form of Guru

  17. Damdama Sahib

  18. Eternal Guru • Guruship passed to Guru Granth and Guru Panth • Baba Deep Singh Ji made 4 initial copies • 1721, Mata Sundri Ji asked Bhai Mani Singh to return Guru Granth to Harmandir Sahib • 1762, the original Guru Granth was taken to Kabul with Sikh troops by Ahmed Shah Abdali and lost in battle • Handwritten volumes of Guru Granth stored in Harmandir Sahib

  19. Eternal Guru

  20. Eternal Guru • Attacks on Guru Granth • Authenticity of Gurbaani challenged • Message misinterpreted • Self proclaimed Gurus • Volumes of Guru Granth Sahib burned and destroyed in efforts to erase Gurbaani • Eg. 1984

  21. 1984

  22. Guru Arjan Sahib and Pothi Sahib • Question Once Pothi Sahib was installed at the Harmandir Sahib, who was the Guru?

  23. Guru Arjan Sahib and Pothi Sahib

  24. Composition and Contents • Dhur Ki Baani • Not the philosophy, understanding or reasoning of Guru Nanak’s • Message directly from God, and Guru Nanak was simply the messenger • Every word dedicated to the praise and glory of Vaaheguru

  25. Composition and Contents • Authors • 6 Gurus – first 5 and 9th • 15 Bhagats • 11 Bhatts • 2 Maha Purakhs

  26. Gurus

  27. Bhagats

  28. Bhatts and Maha Purakhs

  29. Raags and Ghars

  30. Arrangement of Gurbaani • Index – opening words of each shabads, beginning of Raags, and page • Gurbaani – p. 1 - 1429 • Raag Mala – p. 1430

  31. Arrangement of Gurbaani • Mool Mantar - p. 1 < siq nwmu krqw purKu inrBau inrvYru Akwl mUriq AjUnI sYBM gur pRswid ] • Nitnem – p. 1 – 13 BaaniPage Jap 1 So Dar 8 Sun Vadha 9 So Purakh 10 Sohila 12

  32. Arrangement of Gurbaani • Baanis in Raag – p. 14 - 1352 • Sub-arrangement within each Raag • Type of baani, then author • Shabad • Guru in chronological order • Bhagats • Astpadi • Guru in chronological order • Bhagats • Chant • Guru in chronological order • Bhagats • Vaar • Guru in chronological order • Bhagats

  33. Arrangement of Gurbaani • Baanis not in Raag - p. 1353 - 1430 BaaniPage Sahaskriti Salok 1353 Gatha 1360 Phunhe 1361 Chauobole 1363 Salok Kabir ji 1364 Salok Farid ji 1377 Svaiye Sri Mukh Vaak 1385 Svaiye Bhattan De 1389 Salok Vaaran Te Vadheek 1410 Salok Mahala 9 1426 Mundavni Mahala 5 1429 Raag Mala 1429

  34. Languages • Languages • Punjabi, Marathi, Hindi, Bengali, Apbhransh, Brij Bhasha, Prakriti, Sahskrit, Pali, Sanskrit, Pharsi, and Urdu/Arabi. • Evolution of language

  35. Numbering DnwsrI mÚ 5 ] kir ikrpw dIE moih nwmw bMDn qy Cutkwey ] mn qy ibsirE sglo DMDw gur kI crxI lwey ]1] swD sMig icMq ibrwnI CwfI ] AhMbuiD moh mn bwsn dy kir gfhw gwfI ]1] rhwau ] nw ko myrw dusmnu rihAw nw hm iks ky bYrweI ] bRhmu pswru pswirE BIqir siqgur qy soJI pweI ]2] sBu ko mIqu hm Awpn kInw hm sBnw ky swjn ] dUir prwieE mn kw ibrhw qw mylu kIE myrY rwjn ]3] ibnisE FITw AMimRqu vUTw sbdu lgo gur mITw ] jil Qil mhIAil srb invwsI nwnk rmeIAw fITw ]4]3] {pMnw 671}

  36. Literary Significance • Shabad - ‘revealed word’ • Padas • Shabads contain 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, or 16 • Eg. Ashtpadi – 8 padas • Chant – origin from folk songs, 52 • Vaar – origin from war ballads, 22 • Salok – usually couplet, Guru Angad

  37. Laridaar Saroop • Example of Laridaar Saroop: Awidscujugwidscu]hYBIscunwnkhosIBIscu]1] • Example of Broken Words: Awid scu jugwid scu ] hY BI scu nwnk hosI BI scu ] 1 ]

  38. Thank you!

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