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Chapter 11 Notes Part 3

Chapter 11 Notes Part 3. The Formula for a Hydrate. What is a Hydrate?. A Hydrate is compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms. Formula for a Hydrate. The number of water molecules associated with each formula unit of the compound is written following a dot:

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Chapter 11 Notes Part 3

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  1. Chapter 11 Notes Part 3 The Formula for a Hydrate

  2. What is a Hydrate? • A Hydrate is compound that has a specific number of water molecules bound to its atoms.

  3. Formula for a Hydrate • The number of water molecules associated with each formula unit of the compound is written following a dot: • Na2CO3•10H2O= Sodium Carbonate decahydrate • FePO4•4H2O= Iron(III) phosphate tetrahydrate

  4. Prefixes for hydrates are listed on p 338 • Prefix of H2O • Mono- 1 • Di- 2 • Tri - 3 • Tetra- 4 • Penta - 5 • Hexa - 6 • Hepta - 7 • Octa - 8 • Nona - 9 • Deca - 10

  5. Analyzing a Hydrate • To analyze a hydrate, you must drive off the water of hydration • Anhydrous = without water (the H2O has been driven off by heating) • Mass of hydrate cmpd – mass of anhydrous cmpd = mass of H2O

  6. Determining formula of a hydrate Mass of anhydrous cmpd = mole of cmpd Molecular weight of cmpd Mass of H2O = mole of H2O MW of H2O

  7. Example A hydrate is found to have the following composition: 48.8% MgSO4 and 51.2% H2O What is the formula and name of this hydrate?

  8. Uses for Hydrates • Packaging materials with desiccants that absorb water from the air and prevent moisture accumulation • A Desiccant is a substance that promotes drying • Desicants are the anhydrous form of the hydrate- used to absorb water into its crystal structure

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