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Disability Statistics: a Regional Perspective for SAARC

Disability Statistics: a Regional Perspective for SAARC. Dr. S. K. Nath DG, CSO, India. Disability Statistics. Not well developed and utilized as compared to statistics for labour force, education, gender, the elderly, etc.

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Disability Statistics: a Regional Perspective for SAARC

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  1. Disability Statistics: a Regional Perspective for SAARC Dr. S. K. Nath DG, CSO, India

  2. Disability Statistics • Not well developed and utilized as compared to statistics for labour force, education, gender, the elderly, etc. • Efforts to develop conceptual model for data to meet policy needs are very recent phenomena in international arena • Standardization driven statistical framework is non-existent in SAARC countries

  3. Addressing the Concerns: Global • World programme of Action Concerning Disabled Persons (1982) • Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities (1993) • Disability specific human rights treaty – the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol (2006)

  4. Addressing the Concerns: Regional (ESCAP) • Biwako Millennium Framework for Action towards an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights based society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (BMF) • Regional Policy Guideline for the Second Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons • Biwako plus Five, the supplement to the BMF

  5. Addressing the Concerns: SAARC • Disability not given due recognition in SAARC processes • For the first time, NCCs under the framework for action in implementation of SAARC Social Charter identified Disability statistics as an area of regional cooperation in 2007 • Instrument of SAARC-STAT can take on the issue of developing the conceptual framework for disability statistics in the region

  6. Traditional Concept • Counting the persons with certain impairment e.g. • The blind • The deaf • The dumb • Or with certain infirmities related to loco motor or mental/psychological disorders • To determine who qualifies for benefits  to serve a limited purpose for a fragment of the whole

  7. Disability Statistics based on Traditional Concept • A number of countries in the region have conducted disability surveys or included disability questions in their censuses ( in traditional way) • Results only showed abysmally low incidence of disability as compared to some developed countries which followed modern disability framework • ‘Fitness for Purpose’ of these data is what is questioned

  8. Dimensions of Disability • Depend on purposes: • For disfunction of mental, perceptual,voice and speech or organ systems we need ‘impairment data’ • For disfunction of mobility, communication, self-care and interpersonal relations we need ‘activity limitation data’ • For inability to perform certain social chores due to physical, built or interpersonal features we need ‘participation restrictions data’

  9. Purposes of data • To assist in the development and evaluation of programmes and policies for providing service • To monitor the level of functioning in the population, and • To assess equalization of opportunities

  10. Washington Group • Formed in 2001 the Group worked on important methodological issues for improving disability data • Primary task of the group is to come up with general disability questions that can be used in censuses and national surveys

  11. Need for a conceptual framework • All international and regional reports on disability statistics agreed that there is a need for a scientific conceptual framework for gathering information on disability with uniform standards • WHO’s “International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)” is response to this need

  12. ICF framework Disability concept in ICF recognizes: • Disability is multidimensional • It is product of interaction between ‘a person's certain conditions’ and ‘ his or her physical, social and attitudinal barriers’ • Bio-psychological model embedded in ICF broadens the perspective of disability allowing for medical, social and environmental factors of measuring disability • Classifies under (I) Body functions & Structures and (II) Activities & Participation for WHO recommended item pool

  13. ICF in SAARC context • Countries in SAARC are developing economies with impediments to carry out expensive surveys based on scientific norms as meticulous as of ICF • ICF questionnaire is difficult to canvas in census or surveys for large section of illiterate and backward population in SAARC countries

  14. SAARC Framework for Disability Statistics • There is a need to recognize weaknesses of Disability Statistics generated in SAARC countries through traditional concepts • There is also a need to appreciate international concerns for disability and the strong points of BMF and ICF • Given the flexibility of ICF, there is a need to develop a practicable statistical framework of disability data for SAARC countries considering the ground reality, policy needs and purposes

  15. Role of SAARC-STAT for DS • India has already offered to take up the responsibility for providing a framework for disability statistics as part of the implementation of SAARC Social Charter • A Technical Working Group under the SAARC-STAT mechanism may be constituted to examine and finalize the framework

  16. Dhanyabad • Thanks

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