Outline 1/15/07

1. Outline 1/15/07 • Announcements • Turn in seminar reports - to me • CAPA set#1 - due tonight • Discussion section – Mon @ 4pm • Summer Research – Wed @ 6:30pm • Review Chapter 12 calculations • Review biofilms & Start Chapter 13

2. Questions: DISCUS logins? CAPA due tonight? – problem #9

3. Practice calculations of Colligative Property effects • Freezing Point Depression • DT = Kfm • Boiling Point Elevation • DT = Kbm Kf = -1.858°C/m Kb = 0.512°C/m where Kfand Kbare constants and m is concentration of solute in terms of molality (mols/kg solvent)

4. Freezing Point Depression: DT = Kfm Kf= -1.858 C kg/mol (for water) Worksheet #1 problems: • 100 kg NaF is added to 10000 L of H2O 100000g NaF  42 g/mol= 2381 mol NaF 2381 mol NaF  2 ions = 4762 mols solute 10000 L H2O = 10000 kg solvent Freezing Point Depression: DT = -1.858  0.4762 = -0.884°C

5. Osmotic Pressure: p = mRT R= .08206 L-atm/mol K Worksheet #1 problems: • 2.00 g sucrose is added to 500 mL of H2O 2.00g  342 g/mol= .00585 mol sucrose 0.500 L H2O = 0.5 kg solvent Osmotic Pressure: p = 0.117  0.08206  300 = .288 atm = 219 torr

6. p.108 Like dissolves like….

7. biopolymers biopolymers biopolymers • What is a macromolecule?

8. Organic Chemistry: • Nomenclature: • Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes • Branched chain alkanes • Aromatic compounds • Functional groups • Organic Reactions • Polymers • Definitions • Properties • Intro to Biochemistry….

9. Organic Chemistry: • Nomenclature: • Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes • Branched chain alkanes • Aromatic compounds • Functional groups • Organic Reactions • Polymers All are just definitions…. need to know the language….

10. Alkanes • Identify the alkane: • butane • methane • ethane • propane • butane • pentane • hexane • heptane • octane • nonane • etc.,

11. Organic Nomenclature: • Root refers to the # of carbon atoms: • Methane • Ethane EtheneEthyne • Propane PropenePropyne • Butane ButeneButyne • Pentane … … • Hexane • Septane • Octane • Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes • single bonds double bonds triple bonds

12. Alkenes # refers to position... • ethene • propene • 1-butene, 2-butene • 1-pentene, 2-pentene, 3-pentene • 1-butene • cis-2-butene • trans-2-butene

13. Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes • A double bond somewhere • A triple bond somewhere • All single bonds • What if the C atoms are not in a row? • 2-methyl-butane “Branched-chain alkanes”

14. alkane alkyl- prefix methane methyl-ethane ethyl-propane propyl-butane butyl-pentane pentyl-hexane hexyl-heptane heptyl-octane octyl-nonane nonyl

15. Practice: • Draw a structure of 3-ethyl-heptane 1 2 3

16.    gasoline mothballs BTEX Aromatic compounds: (Rings) • benzene • toluene • ethylbenzene • xylene • napthalene What do all aromatic compounds share?

17. Aromatic compounds: (Rings) • Delocalized electrons!!! (& smell) e.g. 1,3,5 - trinitro toluene (TNT)

18. Organic nomenclature (cont’d) • e.g. 2-propanol • Organic Functional Groups: • Alcohols: -OH • Acids: -C=OOH • Ketones: -C=O • Esters: -C=OO- • Ethers: -O- • Aldehydes: -C=OH • Amines: -NH2 • etc. Section 13.1

19. Polymerizable Functional Groups p. 111

20. Polymer Linkage Groups p. 111

21. Functional Groups • Carbon combines with other atoms (mainly H, N, O, S and halogens) to form “functional groups” • Sites of typical reactions • Used to classify organic compounds • Serve as a basis for naming compounds