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Plastics

Plastics. A plastic is a substance which can be shaped or moulded. The Raw Material for plastics is Crude Oil. Plastics are types of polymers. Polymerisation.

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Plastics

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  1. Plastics • A plastic is a substance which can be shaped or moulded. • The Raw Material for plastics is Crude Oil. • Plastics are types of polymers.

  2. Polymerisation • Polymers are long chain molecules made up by many small individual building blocks,called Monomers, joining together. Monomers Polymer Molecule

  3. Addition Polymers • For an Addition Polymer to be formed the Monomers must have a C=C double bond. • Examples: Polythene: Made from many ethene molecules joining together. CH2=CH2 + CH2=CH2+ CH2=CH2(ethene) -(CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2)n- (Polythene)

  4. Other examples of Monomers • Polychloroethene.(better known as PVC,polyvinyl chloride). -CH2=CHCl- • Polytetrafluoroethene.(PTFE)ie Teflon -CF2=CF2- • Polyphenylethene.(polystyrene) -CH2=CHC6H5-

  5. Recycling Plastics • Plastics can be difficult to Recycle. • Some plastics can be melted and reshaped, however others can’t. • Plastics are said to be Non-Biodegradable ie. They cannot be broken down by Bacteria in the soil. • Plastics can give off poisonous fumes such as CO, HCN and HCl when burned.

  6. Effect of Heat on Polymers • Polymers that soften on heating and Harden when cooled are called Thermoplastic. Examples are Polythene, PVC, polypropene etc. • Some polymers are largely unaffected by heating. These are known as Thermosetting Polymers. Their Structure is such that they contain Cross-Links between the long polymer chains. Examples are Bakelite and Mica.

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