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The Great War, 1914–1918 Marching Toward War Ch. 13 Section 1

The Great War, 1914–1918 Marching Toward War Ch. 13 Section 1. In Europe, military buildup, nationalistic feelings, and rival alliances set the stage for a continental war. Map of Europe Pre-WWI. Main Causes of World War I. The Rise of Nationalism Imperialism Militarism (arms race)

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The Great War, 1914–1918 Marching Toward War Ch. 13 Section 1

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  1. The Great War,1914–1918 Marching Toward War Ch. 13 Section 1 In Europe, military buildup, nationalisticfeelings, and rival alliances set the stagefor a continental war.

  2. Map of Europe Pre-WWI

  3. Main Causes of World War I • The Rise of Nationalism • Imperialism • Militarism (arms race) • Alliance system • Assassination of the Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary

  4. Rising Tensions in Europe The Rise of Nationalism • Europe enjoys peace in late 1800s – Considered the century of peace • BUT, problems lie below surface 6 Nations were rivals for power in Europe – called the Great Powers • Germany, Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Italy & Russia • Competed economically and for land • Nationalism in the Balkans leads many groups to demand independence Alliances began to form

  5. Rising Tensions in Europe Imperialism Competition for colonies stirs mistrust among European nations • Mutual animosity spurs European countries to Militarism European nations engaged in arms race • Militarism—policy of glorifying military power, preparing army • Increase competition and mistrust

  6. Tangled Alliances Bismarck (Prussia) Forges Early Pacts Unified Germany Otto von Bismarck worked to keep peace in Europe after 1871 • Believes France wants revenge for loss in 1870 Franco-Prussian War Seeks to isolate the French with a series of treaties and alliances: - signs treaty with Russia in 1881 - forms TripleAlliance—Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy—in 1882

  7. Tangled Alliances Shifting Alliances Threaten Peace • Kaiser Wilhelm II become German ruler in 1888 • Foreign policy changes begin in 1890 with dismissal of Bismarck • alliance with Russia dropped; Russia then allies with France • Created a possible two front war for Germany - effort to strengthen German navy, which alarms Britain • Britain, France, Russia form Triple Ententealliance in 1907

  8. Crisis in the Balkans A Restless Region • Many groups in Balkans win independence during early 1900s from the Ottoman Empire • New nation of Serbia made up largely of Slavs • Austria-Hungary annexes Slavic region Bosnia and Herzegovina (1908) • Serbia outraged, sees itself as rightful ruler of these Slavic lands

  9. Crisis in the Balkans A Shot Rings Throughout Europe • Serbian rebel kills Austro-Hungarian royal official (Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand and his wife) in June 1914 • Austria declares war on Serbia; Russia comes to aid of Serbia • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VC_26YXMZd4

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