The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)

2. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the national aviation authority of the United States. An agency of the United States Department of Transportation, it has authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S. The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 created the organization under the name "Federal Aviation Agency", and adopted its current name in 1966 when it became a part of theUnited States Department of Transportation.

3. FAA history In 1967, a new U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) combined major federal responsibilities for air and surface transport. The Federal Aviation Agency's name changed to the Federal Aviation Administration as it became one of several agencies (e.g., Federal Highway Administration, Federal Railroad Administration, the Coast Guard, and the Saint Lawrence Seaway Commission) within DOT (albeit the largest). The FAA administrator would no longer report directly to the president but would instead report to the Secretary of Transportation. New programs and budget requests would have to be approved by DOT, which would then include these requests in the overall budget and submit it to the president.

4. A new National Transportation Safety Board took over the Civil Aeronautics Board's (CAB) role of investigating and determining the causes of transportation accidents and making recommendations to the secretary of transportation. CAB was merged into DOT with its responsibilities limited to the regulation of commercial airline routes and fares. FAA gradually assumed additional functions. The hijacking epidemic of the 1960s had already brought the agency into the field of civil aviation security. In response to the hijackings on September 11, 2001, this responsibility is now primarily taken by the Department of Homeland Security. FAA became more involved with the environmental aspects of aviation in 1968 when it received the power to set aircraft noise standards. Legislation in 1970 gave the agency management of a new airport aid program and certain added responsibilities for airport safety. During the 1960s and 1970s, FAA also started to regulate high altitude (over 500 feet) kite and balloon flying.

6. By the mid-1970s, the agency had achieved a semi-automated air traffic control system using both radar and computer technology. This system required enhancement to keep pace with air traffic growth, however, especially after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 phased out the CAB's economic regulation of the airlines. A nationwide strike by the air traffic controllers union in 1981 forced temporary flight restrictions but failed to shut down the airspace system. During the following year, the agency unveiled a new plan for further automating its air traffic control facilities, but progress proved disappointing. In 1994, FAA shifted to a more step-by-step approach that has provided controllers with advanced equipment. In 1979 the Congress authorized FAA to work with major commercial airports to define noise pollution contours and investigate the feasibility ofnoise mitigation by residential retrofit programs. Throughout the 1980s these charters were implemented.

7. In the 1990s, satellite technology received increased emphasis in FAA's development programs as a means to improvements in communications, navigation, and airspace management. In 1995, the agency assumed responsibility for safety oversight of commercial space transportation, a function begun eleven years before by an office within DOT headquarters. The agency was responsible for the decision to ground flights after theSeptember 11 attacks.

8. Organization of the FAA An Administrator manages FAA, assisted by a Deputy Administrator. Five Associate Administrators report to the Administrator and direct the line-of-business organizations that carry out the agency's principle functions. The Chief Counsel and nine Assistant Administrators also report to the Administrator. The Assistant Administrators oversee other key programs such as Human Resources, Budget, and System Safety. The FAA also have nine geographical regions and two major centers, the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center and the William J. Hughes Technical Center.

9. The FAA issues and enforces regulations and minimum standards covering manufacturing, operating, and maintaining aircraft. The FAA certifys airmen and airports that serve air carriers. The safe and efficient use of navigable airspace is one of their primary objectives. The FAA operates a network of airport toThe FAArs, air route traffic control centers, and flight service stations. The FAA develops air traffic rules, assigns the use of airspace, and controls air traffic.

10. The FAA builds or installs visual and electronic aids to air navigation. The FAA maintains, operates, and assures the quality of these facilities. The FAA also sustains other systems to support air navigation and air traffic control, including voice and data communications equipment, radar facilities, computer systems, and visual display equipment at flight service stations. The FAA regulates and encourages the U.S. commercial space transportation industry. The FAA licenses commercial space launch facilities and private launches of space payloads on expendable launch vehicles.

11. The FAA promotes aviation safety and encourages civil aviation abroad. The FAA exchanges aeronautical information with foreign authorities; certifies foreign repair shops, airmen, and mechanics; provides technical aid and training; negotiates bilateral airworthiness agreements with other countries; and takes part in international conferences. The FAA does researches on and develops the systems and procedures The FAA need for a safe and efficient system of air navigation and air traffic control. The FAA helps to develop better aircraft, engines, and equipment and tests or evaluates aviation systems, devices, materials, and procedures. The FAA also does aeromedical research.

12. Other Programs The FAA registers aircraft and records documents reflecting title or interest in aircraft and their parts. The FAA administers an aviation insurance program, develops specifications for aeronautical charts, and publishes information on airways, airport services, and other technical subjects in aeronautics. FAA issues a number of awards to holders of its licenses. Among these are demonstrated proficiencies as an aviation mechanic, a flight instructor, a 50-year aviator, or as a safe pilot. The latter, the FAA "Wings Program", provides a series of ten badges for pilots who have undergone several hours of training since their last award. A higher level can be claimed each year.

13. How the FAA works? The FAA is required to regulate U.S. aviation. The FAA always acts on NTSB ( National Transportation Safety Board) recommendations, but sometimes the action is to decline the recommendation. A very high percentage of the recommendations are adopted by the FAA.

14. How the FAA works? Millions of people in the United States travel by airplane every year. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) ensures their safety by regulating the air transportation industry and maintaining a nationwide network of air traffic control systems. The Federal Aviation Administration is faced with balancing unprecedented demands for aviation, while preserving the security and safety of air travelers. To meet the growing capacity demands for aviation services and resources, the FAA will increasingly rely on systems integration, networking and interoperability and collaborative decision-making technologies.

15. How the FAA works? The agency's mission is "to provide the safest, most efficient aerospace system in the world." As of 2006, more than 47,000 people worked at the FAA, and more than 32,000 of them were part of the administration's air traffic organization. The FAA also manages air traffic in the US through a network of towers, overseeing more than 50,000 flights per day.

16. How the FAA works? In addition to regulating the civil aviation industry and maintaining air traffic control, the FAA has other responsibilities, including developing new aviation technology, creating initiatives to regulate noise and other effects of air transportation and regulating space transportation in the United States. The FAA accomplishes its mission through a series of activities that fall into three main categories: • Airspace management • Regulation and licensing • Research and development The FAA also works closely with the U.S. military to ensure the safe operation of military aircraft in public airspace across the nation.

17. FAA VALUES: • Safety is our passion. We work so all air and space travelers arrive safely at their destinations. • Excellence is our promise. We seek results that embody professionalism, transparency and accountability. • Integrity is our touchstone. We perform our duties honestly, with moral soundness, and with the highest level of ethics. • People are our strength. Our success depends on the respect, diversity, collaboration, and commitment of our workforce. • Innovation is our signature. We foster creativity and vision to provide solutions beyond today's boundaries.

18. Role in Civil Aviation FAA continually strives to improve the safety and efficiency of flight in the USA. The FAA is empowered by regulations to promote aviation safety and establish safety standards for civil aviation. The FAA achieves these objectives under the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), which is the codification of the general and permanent rules published by the executive departments and agencies of the United States Government. The regulations are divided into 50 different codes, called Titles, that represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation.

19. Role in Civil Aviationcont. Under the broad umbrella of safety and efficiency, the FAA has several major roles: 1) Regulating U.S. commercial space transportation. 2) Regulating air navigation facilities' geometry and flight inspection standards. 3) Encouraging and developing civil aeronautics, including new aviation technology. 4) Issuing, suspending, or revoking pilot certificates. 5) Regulating civil aviation to promote safety, especially through local offices called Flight Standards District Offices. 6) Developing and operating a system of air traffic control and navigation for both civil and military aircraft. 7) Researching and developing the National Airspace System and civil aeronautics. 8) Developing and carrying out programs to control aircraft noise and other environmental effects of civil aviation.

20. Role in Air Carrier Certification Air Carriers work with the FAA throughout the certification process. The most effective and efficient way to navigate through the certification process is to understand the role that the FAA plays, as well as the role your organization plays. FAA’s Role: 1) Verifies that an air carrier is capable of operating at the highest degree of safety and that its safety-critical process complies with the regulations and safety standards prescribed by the FAA. 2) Approves or accepts air carrier processes and programs. 3) Issues an air carrier operating certificate.

21. Role in Pilot Licensing A primary way that the FAA ensures safe skies is by mandating that all pilots undergo an appropriate amount of training and maintain proficiency in the cockpit. The agency requires pilots to complete specific training to receive licenses for certain tasks. For instance, a pilot licensed to fly single-engine airplanes will not be able to fly gliders unless she has undergone the appropriate training and been licensed as a glider pilot. The FAA licenses all pilots, ranging from private pilots all the way up to commercial and airline transport pilots.

22. Traffic Control, Airworthiness, Airports Around 7,000 aircraft are in the sky at any given time during the day. The agency maintains a nationwide air traffic control system that directs planes between airports and prevents them from mid-air collisions. With a network of air traffic controllers around the country, the FAA controls aircraft during taxi and take-off, en route to their destinations, on approach to their destination airports and all the way on to the ground. In addition to licensing pilots, the FAA also licenses aircraft with what is referred to as airworthiness certificates. Such a certificate, which all aircraft must carry, designates that the airplane has met all maintenance standards laid out by the FAA and is safe for flight. The FAA can revoke an airworthiness certificate if the airplane is no longer within standards. Aircraft mechanics are certified by the FAA and must maintain their licenses to work on airplanes without supervision. The FAA also regulates airports and enforces standards that ensure safe operation in areas where aircraft are arriving or departing. Among the items the FAA requires include proper signage, fire-fighting equipment or emergency materials and notification of any runway closures or air shows that may be scheduled.

23. Field & Regional OfficesAircraft Certification Offices (ACOs) Arcos assist with: • Design approval and certificate management • US production approvals • Engineering and analysis questions • Investigating and reporting aircraft accidents, incidents, and service difficulties • Designated Engineering Representatives (DER) oversight

24. Airports Regional & District/Development OfficesHeadquarters Offices Office of the Associate Administrator for Airports Office of Airport Planning and Programming • Airports Financial Assistance Division • Planning and Environmental Division Office of Airport Safety and Standards • Airport Engineering Division • Airport Safety and Operations Division Office of Airport Compliance and Management Analysis • Airport Compliance Division • Alaskan • Central • Eastern • Great Lakes • New England • Northwest Mountain • Southern • Southwest

25. Flight Standards District Offices (FSDO) • Low-flying aircraft • Accident Reporting • Air carrier certification and operations • Aircraft maintenance • Aircraft operational issues • Aircraft permits • Airmen certification (licensing) for pilots, mechanics, repairmen, dispatchers, and parachute riggers • Certification and modification issues • Enforcement of Airmen & Aircraft Regulations • Manufacturing Inspection District Offices (MIDOs) • MIDOs assist with: • Production approval and certification (Manufacturing) • Airworthiness Certification • Manufacturing facilities approval holder issues • Manufacturing Designee oversight • Support to ACOs during design approvals

26. Aircraft Evaluation Groups (AEG) • Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG) Offices coordinate and assist with aircraft certification and continued airworthiness programs. • California • Long Beach Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG) • Massachusetts • Boston Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG) • Missouri • Kansas City Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG) • Texas • Ft. Worth Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG) • Washington • Seattle Aircraft Evaluation Group (AEG)

27. International Field Offices and Units (IFO) (IFU) • International Field Offices (IFO) and International Field Units (IFU): • Authorize operations to the United States by foreign air carriers • Approve maintenance programs and MELs and authorize certain other operations for U.S. registered aircraft used by foreign air carriers • Conduct surveillance of foreign air carriers operating into the United States • Conduct certification and surveillance of U.S. Foreign Repair Stations • IFOs and IFUs are assigned a particular geographic area and services. When contacting an IFO or IFU, you may be referred to another office that can meet your specific needs. • Alaska • Anchorage International Field Unit (IFU) • California • Los Angeles International Field Office (IFO) • Florida • Miami International Field Office (IFO) • New York • New York International Field Unit (IFU) • Albany International Field Unit (IFU) • Rochester International Field Unit (IFU) • Texas • Dallas/Ft. Worth International Field Office (IFO) • Washington • Seattle International Field Unit (IFU) • Germany • Frankfurt International Field Office (IFO) • Singapore • Singapore International Field Office (IFO)

28. Certificate Management Offices (CMO)specialize in the certification, surveillance, and inspection of major air carriers and Flight Safety International's part 142 Training Centers. • AlaskaDenali CMO • Arizona • Phoenix CMO • California • United Air Lines CMO (SFO) • Colorado • Rocky Mountain CMOUnited Air Lines CMO (DEN) • Florida • South Florida CMO • Georgia • Delta Airlines CMO • Hawaii • Honolulu CMO • Illinois • United Air Lines CMO (CHI) • Kansas • Flight Safety International Certificate Management Unit • Kentucky • United Parcel Service CMO • Oregon • Portland CMO • Pennsylvania • USAirways CMO • Texas • AMR CMOContinental CMOSouthwest Airlines CMOUnited Air Lines CMO (HOU) • Tennessee • FedEx Express CMO • Utah • Skywest CMO • Washington • Alaska Airlines CMO

29. Regional Offices & Aeronautical Center provide government, Department of Transportation, and FAA-wide services in • financial systems and operations • emergency readiness (command, control, and communications) • information services • business application development • technical, executive/managerial, and international training • logistics services for real estate and materiel management • National Airspace System Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) and Supply Chain Management • public and governmental outreach These services are part of the vital support infrastructure needed to maintain strong, safe, and efficient national and international aviation systems and are directly involved in accomplishment of the FAA Flight Plan goals: • Increased Safety • Greater Capacity • International Leadership • Organizational Excellence

30. Office of Security & Hazardous Materials Safety • The FAA Office of Security and Hazardous Materials Safety (ASH) ensures the integrity of those who work in or support the National Airspace System (NAS). It protects FAA employees and facilities from criminal and terrorist acts. • News and Announcements • The agency, along with all other federal agencies, is issuing new ID media to employees and contractors as required by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 (HSPD-12), "Common Identification Standard for Federal Employees and Contractors." We expect to complete issuance of the new ID media, or Personal Identity Identification (PIV) cards, by the end of calendar year 2010. The new PIV cards will enhance security at all FAA facilities. • Program Offices • Office of Hazardous Materials Safety • Office of Security • Office of Emergency Operations, Communications and Investigations

31. Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center Special Interest Webpages • Logistics Center • FAA Academy Training • Technical • Executive/Managerial - Center for Management and Executive Leadership • International • Accounting Operations and Financial Systems (Enterprise Services Center) • Information Technology Services • Media Solutions Division • National Airspace System Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul (MRO) and Supply Chain Management (FAA Logistics Center) • Office of Acquisition Services - contracting opportunities • Environmental Policy: PDF, MS Word

32. FAA Academy Provides such services: • develop and conduct training courses, • plan, maintain and manage FAA's distance learning systems, and • provide training program management and consultation services. Logistics Center The Logistics Center Supports the National Airspace System (NAS) 24/7 . Whether it's hurricanes, typhoons, tsunamis, real estate problems, or equipment failure, the FAA Logistics Center (an ISO 9001:2000-certified organization) is always prepared to support the National Airspace System (NAS) 24-hours-a-day, 7-days-a-week . • William J. Hughes Technical Center The FAA William J. Hughes Technical Center (Technical Center) is one of the nation's premier aviation research, development, test and evaluation facilities. Its world-class laboratories and top-notch engineering place the Technical Center at the forefront of the FAA's challenge to modernize the U.S. air transportation system. The Technical Center serves as the FAA national scientific test base for research and development, test and evaluation, and verification and validation in air traffic control, communications, navigation, airports, aircraft safety, and security. The Technical Center is the primary facility supporting the nation's Next Generation Air Transportation System, called NextGen.

33. The Air Traffic Organization (ATO) is the operations arm of the Federal Aviation Administration. ATO is America’s air navigation service provider. Unlike most government agencies, the ATO is set up as a performance-based organization whose customers are commercial and private aviation and the military. ATO employs more than 35,000 controllers, technicians, engineers and support workers. • A general statement of the broad agency purpose in carrying out its mission, such as: “To achieve the lowest possible accident rate and constantly improve safety”, a statement of a specific emphasis area that will contribute to the overall goal, such as: “Reduce commercial air carrier fatalities”.

34. A quantifiable measure of the improvement in a goal area that sets a target for specific improvements in outcomes that affect FAA customers, such as: “Cut the rate of fatalities per 100 million persons on board in half by FY 2025”, work with local governments and airspace users to provide increased capacity in the United States airspace system that reduces congestion and meets projected demand in an environmentally sound manner. • Objectives of FAA: to promote improved safety and regulatory oversight in cooperation with bilateral, regional, and multilateral aviation partners work with the Chinese aviation authorities and industry to adopt 27 proven Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) safety enhancements by FY 2011.

35. This supports China’s efforts to reduce commercial fatal accidents to a rate of 0.030 fatal accidents per 100,000 departures by FY 2012. By 2014, arrange commitments for external funding for at least 35 aviation development projects (7 per year). By 2014, work with at least 18 countries or regional organizations to develop aviation leaders to strengthen the global aviation infrastructure, to promote seamless operations around the globe in cooperation with bilateral, regional, and multilateral aviation partners.

36. By FY 2014, expand the use of NextGen performance-based systems and concepts to five priority countries, to ensure the success of the FAA's mission through stronger leadership, a better trained and safer workforce, enhanced cost-control measures, and improved decision-making based on reliable data. • Implement human resource management practices to attract and retain a highly skilled, diverse workforce and provide employees a safe, positive work environment. Cost Control – Organizations throughout the agency will continue to implement cost efficiency initiatives in 2011 such as: • $20 million in savings for strategic sourcing for selected products and services and a reduction of $30 million in Information Technology operating costs.

37. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) management plays a crucial role in the provision of safe air traffic control (ATC) and navigation services as cross-organizational changes to the NAS are more complex and interrelated. The FAA assigns the highest priority to maintaining safety. An important step towards the future is the implementation of an integrated Safety Management System (SMS). The SMS integrates current FAA safety-related operational policies, processes, and procedures, as well as introduces new elements necessary for a systems approach to managing the safety risk of providing ATC and navigation services. This manual provides high-level structure, procedures, and responsibilities regarding the functioning of the SMS. It provides a framework for identifying and analyzing safety risk to appropriately mitigate and manage it as the FAA continues to maintain and improve ATC and navigation services. While the manual focuses on clarifying safety management processes of those organizations within the Air Traffic Organization (ATO), it is important to note that this manual is applicable to all FAA organizations that promote and approve changes that affect the provision of ATC and navigation services.

38. Thank you for attention!