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Two routes to open access

Two routes to open access. Authors or their sponsors. $$. Everyone on the Internet. Editing, reviewing, composing. Publishers. Thomas J. Walker University of Florida. Outline. Why open access? Florida Entomological Society [FES] Entomological Society of America [ESA]. Why

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Two routes to open access

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  1. Two routes to open access Authors or their sponsors $$ Everyone on the Internet Editing, reviewing, composing Publishers Thomas J. Walker University of Florida

  2. Outline • Why open access? • Florida EntomologicalSociety [FES] • Entomological Society of America[ESA]

  3. Why Open Access?

  4. Authorswant it!!!

  5. And it is theleast costlysystem

  6. Library Florida Entomologist Issues Reprints User Traditional dissemination User Files onpublisher’scomputer FTP User Electronic dissemination Web server

  7. Dissemination modes • Traditional [first 330 years] • Parallel (traditional + electronic) [transitional] • Electronic only [the near future]

  8. Electronic onlyfor feeorfor free?

  9. Toll Access Usernames and Site Licenses Individual subscriptions Subscriptions passwords $ $$$ Subscr. Institutions’ staff and affiliated personnel Editing, reviewing, composing Publishers Internet Site L. addresses Pay Per View Credit Everyone else $ Web server cards Open Access Authors or their sponsors $$ Everyone on the Internet Editing, reviewing, composing Publishers Web server

  10. Dissemination costs • Traditional:High • Parallel:Very high • E-only, toll access :Low • E-only, open access : Very low

  11. Open accessis coming

  12. Two entomological societies FES: 450 members 1 journal (4 issues/year) $55,000/yr publishing costs ESA: 5700 members 4 journals (each 6 issues/year) $700,000/yr publishing costs

  13. ISI Journal Citation Reports 62 entomology journals Florida Entomologist30 J. Economic Entomology12 Environmental Entomology 17 Annals Entomol. Soc. Am.20 J. Medical Entomology12

  14. FloridaEntomological Society 100%OA since 1994

  15. Just do it!

  16. “Any scientist who is linked to the developing worldwide electronic information network (presently termed the Internet) will be able to view and to print any article in any journal published by a scientific society. Printing from the network will yield hardcopy equal to a photocopy or reprint of the article. The information will be free to the person taking the information from the network (as it is when a person takes information from a library).” Endorsement of open access by the Executive Committee of the Florida Entomological Society10 May 1993

  17. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Open access endorsed • 1994 Open access via PDF files

  18. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Free access endorsed • 1994 Free access via PDF files • 1995 Switch from Gopher to Web • 1996 Minimal HTML files added

  19. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Free access endorsed • 1994 Free access via PDF files • 1995 Switch from Gopher to Web • 1996 Minimal HTML files added • 1997 InfoLinks initiated • 1998 Full-text searching implemented • 1999 Back-issue project completed

  20. Florida Entomological Society Back-issue project • 1917-1993 issues (ca. 20,000 pages) • JSTOR-type scanning • PDF files posted, with open access, by Florida Center for Library Automation

  21. Institutional subscriptions

  22. Institutional subscriptions

  23. Institutional subscriptions

  24. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Free access endorsed • 1994 Free access via PDF files • 1995 Switch from Gopher to Web • 1996 Minimal HTML files added • 1997 InfoLinks initiated • 1998 Full-text searching implemented • 1999 Back-issue project completed • 2000 Obligatory OA fees authorized

  25. Florida Entomologist Obligatory OA fees Articles $100 Scientific notes $ 50 To start with the March 2001 issue!

  26. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Free access endorsed • 1994 Free access via PDF files • 1995 Switch from Gopher to Web • 1996 Minimal HTML files added • 1997 InfoLinks initiated • 1998 Full-text searching implemented • 1999 Back-issue project completed • 2000 Obligatory OA fee authorized • 2001 Obligatory OA fee accepted!!

  27. Initial year of OA fees

  28. Florida Entomological Society • 1993 Free access endorsed • 1994 Free access via PDF files • 1995 Switch from Gopher to Web • 1996 Minimal HTML files added • 1997 InfoLinks initiated • 1998 Full-text searching implemented • 1999 Back-issue project completed • 2000 Obligatory IFWA fee authorized • 2001 Obligatory IFWA fee accepted!! • 2002 First open-access journal on BioOne

  29. Effect on full-text downloads • Full-text downloads of articles and scientific notes from BioOne were 16x more frequent than from the FCLA server. • More than 400 downloads expected in 2004 for the average item published in 2002 and 2003.

  30. Summary of OA revenue effects

  31. Entomological Society of America currently ca. 65% OA

  32. Open access by the article

  33. Entomological Society of America • 1995 GB approves OA sales

  34. Entomological Society of America • 1995 GB approves OA sales • 1996 GB approves OA sales again • 1997 GB cancels approval • 1998 GB votes to start toll access • 1999 GB approves OA sales yet again • 2000 OA sales begin!

  35. ESA: Sales of Open Access

  36. ESA: net revenues from OA sales

  37. How societies will benefit by offering open access by the article • Substantially increased publication revenues without commitment to radical change in cost-recovery model.

  38. How societies can benefit by offering open access by the article • Substantially increased publication revenues with no commitment to a radical change in cost-recovery. • Authors who want open access and cannot have it in other journals will be attracted.

  39. How societies can benefit by offering open access by the article • Substantially increased publication revenues without commitment to radical change in cost-recovery model. • Authors who want open access and cannot have it in other journals will be attracted. • Well positioned to change to new revenue models as open access gains momentum.

  40. Societies offering OA by the article Entomological Society of America (2000)Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaJournal of Economic EntomologyEnvironmental EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology American Society of Limnology and Oceanography [ASLO] (2001)Limnology and Oceanography American Physiological Society (July 2003)Physiological Genomics Company of Biologists (January 2004)DevelopmentJournal of Cell ScienceJournal of Experimental Biology

  41. Current prices of OA by the article Entomological Society of America (2000)$124Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaJournal of Economic EntomologyEnvironmental EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology American Society of Limnology and Oceanography [ASLO] (2001)$350Limnology and Oceanography

  42. Why ASLO increased its price of OA from $126 to $350 in 2004 • Two-thirds of authors were buying open access. • Downloads were much more frequent for OA articles than for non-OA articles. e.g., 2002 articles: 3.4 times as many downloads

  43. Current prices of OA by the article Entomological Society of America (2000) $124Annals of the Entomological Society of AmericaJournal of Economic EntomologyEnvironmental EntomologyJournal of Medical Entomology American Society of Limnology and Oceanography (2001) $350Limnology and Oceanography American Physiological Society (July 2003)$1500 Physiological Genomics Company of Biologists (January 2004)$2160 DevelopmentJournal of Cell ScienceJournal of Experimental Biology

  44. This is future of journals Authors or their sponsors $$ Everyone on the Internet Editing, reviewing, composing Publishers and sales of open access by the articlemay ease and speed the transition to it.

  45. On the web: • This PowerPoint presentation with notes • History and detailed data relative to FES’s route to OA • History and detailed data relative to ESA’s route to OA • My published articles and other talks on open access • Find my home page and click on • “Web access to traditionally published journals” • http://csssrvr.entnem.ufl.edu/~walker/

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