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Review of EO Precursor Services

Review of EO Precursor Services. Marion Schroedter-Homscheidt, Susanne Lehner, Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth German Aerospace Center (DLR) Cluster Applied Remote Sensing Frascati, 23. June 2003. EO based services for renewable energies. offshore wind energy. solar energy. wind speed

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Review of EO Precursor Services

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  1. Review of EO Precursor Services Marion Schroedter-Homscheidt, Susanne Lehner, Johannes Schulz-StellenflethGerman Aerospace Center (DLR) Cluster Applied Remote Sensing Frascati, 23. June 2003

  2. EO based services for renewable energies offshore wind energy solar energy • wind speed • wave height • sea ice • solar irradiance • clouds, water vapour, aerosol, ozone

  3. Users • system designers • manufacturers for photovoltaic or solar thermal modules • consultants • electric utilities • engineering companies • architects • public bodies (UNEP, national and regional authorities)

  4. Long term time series planning siting Ressource assessment needed 1-3 days forecast Near Real Time performance monitoringduring build-up phase (wind) operation of energy supply grid integration grid stability energy trading

  5. EO based services for renewable energies offshore wind energy solar energy • wind speed • wave height • sea ice • solar irradiance • clouds, water vapour, aerosol, ozone

  6. wind fields from SAR data wind speed high roughness high brightness in radar image wind direction image is structured accuracy on 1km scale: stdv 1 m/s in 3 - 25 m/s intervall stdv 20° in direction Wind vector Basic idea: wind field retrieval ENVISAT ASAR retrieved winds, wide swath mode 20 km resolution wind field, Spanish coast, 17. Nov. 2002

  7. Scatterometer based wind retrieval • ESA • ERS-2 Scat • wind speed and direction • global • temporal resolution 35 days • horizontal resolution 50 km • NASA/NESDIS • QuikScat • wind speed and direction • global • temporal resolution 1 day • horizontal resolution 25 km 4. Dec 2000 16. May 2003

  8. RADARSAT Typical SAR images SAR allows sub-kilometer resolution ERS image mode 25 m spatial resolution 12. August 1991, Rügen island, Baltic Sea Radarsat scansar mode 150 m spatial resolution Greenland, 17. March 1997

  9. ERS2 SAR scene from Horns Rev offshore wind park 5 km ERS2 image mode, 30.Juli 2002, Denmark

  10. a) b) Small scale variability Zoom from SAR scene ca. 9 x 7 km Horns Rev 25 m spatial resolution, averaged to 100 m to cope with image noise

  11. Long term time series 1-3 days forecast Near Real Time Wind energy - current status Algorithm prototypes ready temporal sampling better with ENVISAT and Radarsat Algorithm prototypes ready temporal sampling better with ENVISAT and Radarsat research is ongoing (e.g. ANEMOS EC project)

  12. Long term time series 1-3 days forecast Near Real Time Wind energy - actions needed make algorithms operational process data operationally develop energy- specific products increase accuracy (ongoing research) Combine satellite observations with models via data assimilation (ongoing research) ongoing research

  13. EO based services for renewable energies offshore wind energy solar energy • wind speed • wave height • sea ice • solar irradiance • clouds, water vapour, aerosol, ozone

  14. ESRA, METEONORM • European Solar Radiation Atlas (ESRA) • http://www.helioclim.org/esra • commercial solar radiation atlas • Europe and Mediterranean area • based mainly on ground measurments • some Meteosat data • data from 1981 - 1990 • direct normal irradiance, global irradiance Global horizontal radiation example, courtesy Ecole des Mines • METEONORM • http://www.meteotest.ch • ground measurements only • 2400 stations global + spatial interpolation • 1961 - 1990 • direct normal irradiance, global irradiance • commercial

  15. The SoDa web service (EC 5. FP) • Global irradiance • based on Meteosat • daily values • Meteosat area • since 1985 • web service (easy update) • restricted spatial resolution (30 km) • restricted temporal resolution (3 hours)http://www.soda-is.com courtesy Ecole des Mines

  16. Satellight • Provides Daylight and Solar radiation information • Based on ½ hour METEOSAT images from 1996 to 2000 • Covers Western and Central Europe • Delivers user defined site statistics and maps • For engineers, architects, companies • For Photovoltaic, Solar thermal, Daylighting Maps Site statistics Http://www.satel-light.com

  17. SWERA project • Global and direct • normal irradiance • based on Meteosat-5 and -7, GOES • hourly values • 13 developing countries • 2000-2002 • GIS system • 10 km resolutionhttp://swera.unep.net courtesy UNEP Lead by United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP), funded by Global Environment Facility (GEF) non-commercial !

  18. SOLEMI service (DLR) • Direct normal irradiance • based on Meteosat-Prime and Meteosat-East • hourly values • total Meteosat area • 1998 - today Meteosat-Prime 2002 - today Meteosat-East (1985 - today Meteosat-Prime 1998 - today Meteosat-East planned ) • 2.5 km resolution (full resolution) • focus on concentrating solar thermal power systems http://www.solemi.de

  19. kWh/m²/a GIS system for solar thermal concentrating systems Ranking of potential sites for Northern Africa High resolution time series courtesy DLR-TT, STEPS

  20. Photovoltaics - performance monitoring monthly evaluation of performance of grid connected PV systems failure detection uses Meteosat data up to now 3 commercial services already available: PVSAT (Enecolo AG, CH) , SATWATCH (Shell Solar, D), Safer‘Sun (Meteocontrol GmbH, D) outcome of PVSAT 5.FP EC project

  21. Accuracy temporal resolution hourly daily monthly (rmse) (rmse) (rmse) Global irradiance 20-25 % 10 % 5 % Direct normal irradiance 35 % 20 % 15 % Synopsis of several algorithms based on Meteosat !

  22. clouds 100% for direct irradiance Atmospheric input needed Extra-terrestrial irradiance ozone 1%, important for UV aerosols 20-25%, dust storm 100% water vapour 12 - 15% surface irradiance

  23. 12 channels instead of 3 15 minutes instead of 30 minutes improved measurement accuracy better cloud and water vapour information Additional aerosol and ozone information allows physical algorithms instead of statistical algorithms allows more energy-specific products (e.g. spectrally resolved, diffuse irradiance) New opportunities

  24. 200 300 400 Dobson Units Precursor services: retrieval of atmospheric parameters 0.0 0.5 1.0 40 80 120 160 500 ERS-2 GOME and ATSR based aerosol retrieval aerosol optical thicknes 550 nm Cloud optical depth, 27 July 1999, 1435 UTC European Cloud Climatology based on 15 years of NOAA AVHRR ERS-2 GOME based ozone retrieval NOAA ATOVS based water vapour retrieval

  25. HELIOSAT-3 project (5. FP EC) 40 80 120 160 500 optical thickness color composite + water vapour from MSG + ozone from MSG or ENVISAT + fast radiative transfer parameterization direct / diffuse irradiance spectrally resolved aerosol optical thickness (0 .. 1) now ERS-2, later ENVISAT

  26. How precursors will profit from MSG Improved data bases and new products • spectrally resolved products • direct computation of direct and diffuse radiation • better cloud information • better aerosol, water vapour and ozone information • improve coverage from Europe to MSG area

  27. Solar energy - current status Long term time series 1-3 days forecast Near Real Time enhanced algorithms for MSG and ENVISAT, new energy - specific parameters precursor services exist: restrictions in coverage, spatial or temporal resolution (due to Meteosat data amount) precursor services exist available in D, CH forecast models for clouds, water vapour, aerosol and ozone exist

  28. Solar energy - actions needed Long term time series 1-3 days forecast Near Real Time transfer MSG algorithms to operational status process and archive full MSG disk operationally get access to large archives to cope with 1 TB MSG data/month improve accuracy adapt to MSG adapt existing models to energy-specific needs (ongoing research)

  29. Thank you !

  30. Individual waves from SAR 5 km SAR image Sea surface Inversion 8 km 200 x 200 m subset Elevation [m], -10 .. 10 m norm. intensity

  31. Individual wave height assessment 27 days (34 310) of ERS-2 SAR imagettes,3 ° boxes

  32. STORM WATCH • NOAA/NESDIS • RADARSAT • wind speed • no wind direction retrieval • wind direction taken from model • Alaska demonstration service • temporal resolution 3 days • horizontal resolution 1 km • http://fermi.jhuapl.edu/sar/ stormwatch/web_win

  33. New: wind direction retrieval allows to exploit full SAR resolution Comparison of ScanSAR Explicit wind direction retrieval to HIRLAM RADARSAT-1 ScanSAR image of the South coast of Greenland 1. April 2000

  34. ENVISAT ASAR coverages and acquisition modes ENVISAT acquisition coverage ASAR acquistion modes

  35. ENVISAT acquisition Acquired scenes 1.1.2003-8.1.2003 (ASAR image mode) 3-day repeat cycle ENVISAT (wide swath) Average repeat visit per 35-day cycle

  36. STEPS example: electricty cost analysis Levised electricity costs for a 200 MW solar thermal trough plant, solar only

  37. Need for long term data sets Maximum deviation of irradiance from long term averages in Potsdam

  38. Why satellites ? RMS Error versus distance of ground measurement networks.Source: Zelenka et al, 1998

  39. Archive 1st Copy migrate write stage export read import 2nd Copy Disk Cache Offline Storage Nearline Online Offline Efficient archive organisation for fast data access Imagewise organisation retrieve 1 year = 356 days x 18 hours x 2 slots per hour 12 816 files /tapes monthly organised subsets of full disk retrieve 1 year = 12 months x no. of subsets necessary 101 .. 103 files/tapes

  40. Expected concentrating solar power capacity source: ATHENE

  41. Average plant capacity source: ATHENE

  42. Blockages basic geo-data information products value added products low MARKET VALUE high high COSTS low

  43. Investigation of wind variability ENVISAT ASAR wind direction

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