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Apostrophes. Possessives, plural possessives, plurals, and contractions. Apostrophe {‘}. The ________________ does 2 things: Show possession My sister’s French Bulldog is named Cami . (whose French Bulldog? Lelia’s ) Contract two words Do not sit there! Don’t sit there.
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Apostrophes Possessives, plural possessives, plurals, and contractions
Apostrophe {‘} • The ________________ does 2 things: • Show possession • My sister’s French Bulldog is named Cami. • (whose French Bulldog? Lelia’s) • Contract two words • Do not sit there! Don’t sit there
If it is not showing possession or contracting two words, it DOES or DOES NOT NEED an apostrophe. • Practice: Circle or highlight the examples that NEED apostrophes. Explain each one in the white space beside it. • There were many police officers out on the streets tonight. • Daquans got a bad habit of biting his nails. • The cash registers computer was broken during Black Friday! • This is their land, you shouldnt be here.
Possessives • When the name does not end in an –s, you add an apostrophe –s. (Mary’s or Javon’s) • When the name ends in an –s, the apostrophe goes after the –s. (Travis’ or Darius’ or Jones’) • It doesn’t have to be a human in order to show possession. • Examples: the bus’ route, the computer’s mouse, today’s example, last night’s homework, etc.
Plural Possessives • Examples: my kids’ tests, hunters’ licenses, different species’ habitats, etc. • When the word ends in an –s, the apostrophe goes after the –s. (kids’ - hunters’ - species’) • When the plural form of the word does not end in an –s, punctuate it normally. (children’s - deer’s) • When the plural form of the word needs an –es, punctuate is like other –s. (all the buses’ routes vs. a bus’ route) • When the plural form of the word does not change, but sounds like –es is at the end. (fish’s -- NOT fishes) • When you need a plural pronoun, make sure it agrees with the gender and number. (theirs vs. their)
Plural Rules • When the word does not end in an –s, add an –s. (drinks, candles, cans, lights, lasers, games, etc.) • When the word ends in an –s, add –es. (buses, gases, passes, etc.) • When the word ends in the constanant cluster –ch, add –es. (patches, bunches, batches)
Contractions There are several types of contractions. Any time you mesh two words into one, it’s a contraction. • Name + verb (Lea is > Lea’s) • Passive verb + negative (cannot > can’t) (will not > won’t) (do not > don’t) • I + passive verb (I would > I’d) (I will > I’ll) (I am > I’m) always capitalize I, in or out of a contraction • Pronoun + passive verb (she will > she’ll) (he would > he’d) (we are > we’re) (they are > they’re)
It’s vs. Its • Only exception to ‘a possessive needs an apostrophe rule’ is “its.” The contraction wins the apostrophe. • It is > It’s (Demonte said, “Today is going to be a long day.” Tre answered, “It’s going to be a killer!”) • Possessive Its (example: Ms. Rice, “Where is your trumpet’s case?” Precious, “Its case is in my locker. “)
What’s the difference? • We’re • Where • Were
There • They’re • Their