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Sec. 1: Axis Aggression

Ch. 14: World War II, 1930-1945. Sec. 1: Axis Aggression. Timeline of Events Leading to WWII. 1933 : Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany 1933-39 : begins rearmament & military build-up in Germany 1936 : Reoccupies the Rhineland Spring,1938 : Annexes Austria ( Anschluss )

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Sec. 1: Axis Aggression

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  1. Ch. 14: World War II, 1930-1945 Sec. 1: Axis Aggression

  2. Timeline of Events Leading to WWII • 1933: Hitler becomes Chancellor of Germany • 1933-39: begins rearmament & military build-up in Germany • 1936: Reoccupies the Rhineland • Spring,1938: Annexes Austria (Anschluss) • Sept. 1938: Munich Conference (gets Sudetenland); Takes all of Czechoslovakia • 1939: Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact • Sept. 1, 1939: German invasion of Poland

  3. Germany Expands, 1933-1939 Hitler came to power in 1933 • Attacked Treaty of Versailles • Lebensraum= living space • Begins rebuilding military (pretext-resist spread of communism)

  4. German Aggression, 1933-36 Germany Rearms 1933-1939 German Reoccupation Of the Rhineland, 1936

  5. The Spanish Civil War, 1936 • Germany, Japan, and Italy join alliance known as the Axis Powers • The Spanish Civil War, 1936 • Spanish nationalists (fascists) under Gen. Francisco Franco tries to overthrow the existing Republican govt. in Spain • Hitler & Mussolini supported Franco while the Republicans backed by USSR & U.S. independents • Franco’s Nationalists win, adding another fascist govt. to Europe

  6. Picasso’s Guernica

  7. Annexation of Austria, 1938 Germany Annexes austria Anschluss, 1938 Hitler claims that Austrian government is “mistreating” German residents. He is simply enforcing their protection from discrimination Forces Chancellor KurtSchuschniggto turn over govt.

  8. The Czechoslovakian Crisis, 1938 The Sudetenland

  9. The Munich Conference, Sept. 1938 • Hitler and Mussolini invite reps from Britain (N. Chamberlain) & France (E. Daladier) to discuss Germany’s situation in Sudetenland • Chamberlain follows policy of appeasement (gives in to Hitler in exchange for promise of no more land grabs); “Peace in Our Time” • Hitler moved into remainder of Czechoslovakia by end of 1938 Hitler and Chamberlain shaking hands at Munich Conference, 1938

  10. Cartoonists’ Views on Appeasement

  11. War Begins in 1939 • Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact • Hitler signs agreement with Stalin (USSR): states that neither would attack each other and they would split Poland • Invasion of Poland- September 1, 1939 • Germany invades Poland -Sept.,1939; Stalin attacks from East • Sept. 3 – Britain & France declare war • Blitzkrieg warfare • Speed and close air-to land coordination • By mid-June 1940, Hitler in control of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France!

  12. Battle of Britain, Summer 1940 • Britain stood alone against Nazi onslaught • Germans try to bomb England into submission • British helped by dev. of radar • GermanLuftwaffekilled thousands in London Blitz, but British refuse to surrender • RAFvictories and stubborn leader, Winston Churchill who vows never to surrender, convinces Hitler not to invade Britain

  13. Never have so many owed so much to so few… Sir Winston Churchill

  14. Invasion of Soviet Union, 1941 • June, 1941: Hitler breaks his pact with Stalin and invades USSR (Operation Barbarossa) • German blitzkrieg once again effective as German units race across Soviet Union • Winter to the rescue • Harsh winter sat in and slowed German advance • The Red Army of USSR did not collapse and began to turn the tide

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