Skeletal & Muscle Unit

1. Skeletal & Muscle Unit

3. Notes

4. How many bones does the human skeleton contain?

5. 206

6. Functions of the skeletal system • Give shape & support • Protect internal organs • Moves muscles • Form blood cells • Store calcium and phosphorous

7. Bone Cross Section Periosteum: soft, thin, covers and protects the bone Compact Bone: Hard, outer surface. Can heal itself when broken Spongy Bone: Porous, contains blood vessels, nerves Marrow: manufactures red blood cells

8. http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/fig81.jpg

9. http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/bone/bone.htm

10. Skeletal System is divided into two parts

11. Axial Skeleton • Skull (protects the brain). • Ribs ( protect lungs, and heart). • Spinal column (houses and protects the spinal cord).

12. Appendicular Skeleton • Legs • Pelvis • Arms • Shoulders

13. Types of Joints • Immovable • Skull • Pelvis • Movable • Pivot • Ball & socket • Hinge • Gliding

14. http://www.nhfyouthworld.org/junior/mayjun/skeleton.jpg

15. Ball & Socket: Shoulders and Hips • Allows arms and hips to move in any direction • Can move in a full 360 degrees

16. Pivot Joints: First two neck vertebrae & joint beneath elbow • Moves in a semicircle motion by twisting against each other

17. Hinged: Elbows & Knees • Move like hinges on a door • Limited movement • Can only swing back and forth

18. Gliding Joints: Spine, Wrists, Ankles • Slide against each other in a gliding motion • Gives your wrists and ankles lots of freedom

19. Immoveable joints are located in the:

20. How many muscles do we have? • 639

21. http://www.lifesci.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/john21.19.jpghttp://www.lifesci.utexas.edu/faculty/sjasper/images/john21.19.jpg

22. http://www.bio.psu.edu/

23. http://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/tissues/skeletal.jpghttp://www.bmb.psu.edu/courses/bisci004a/tissues/skeletal.jpg

24. http://www.bio.psu.edu/

25. http://www.sc.edu/union/Sears/AnimalTissue/im.tissueCardiac.jpghttp://www.sc.edu/union/Sears/AnimalTissue/im.tissueCardiac.jpg

26. http://www.bio.psu.edu/

27. http://www.bmb.psu.edu

28. http://www.sirinet.net/~jgjohnso/muscle.html

29. Muscle Fiber Muscle Myofibril Inside a Muscle

30. Vocabulary

31. Appendicular • The part of your skeleton made up of your arms, legs, pelvis and shoulders.

32. Axial • Part of your skeleton that includes skull, ribs, and spinal column.

33. Vertebrae • Irregular bones that make up the spinal column

34. Cartilage • Smooth tissue that acts as a buffer between bones.

35. Ligaments Tissues that fasten your bones together

36. Calcium • The mineral found in bones

37. Periosteum • The outer covering of bones.

38. Ball and Socket • These joints are found in hips and shoulders.

39. Gliding • These joints are found in fingers and the spine.

40. Immoveable • This type of joint is found in the skull and is fixed.

41. Pivot • These types of joints are found in the head and arms.

42. Voluntary • These muscles can be controlled consciously

43. Hinge • These joints are found in elbows and knees.

44. Involuntary • These muscles can be controlled unconsciously

45. Skeletal • Muscle tissue that is attached to bones and causes movement.

46. Smooth • This type of tissue lines the walls of many organs and are involuntary.

47. Cardiac • Muscle tissue found in the heart.

48. Tendons • These tough bands of connective tissue connect bones to skeletal muscles.

49. Strain • An injury caused when a muscle is over stretched.

50. Cramp • This can be painful and is sometimes caused by too much exercise and not warming up properly.