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Bellringer February 21, 2012

Bellringer February 21, 2012. Take out Chapter 14 Notes Guide Take out something to write with. February 21, 2012. Chapter 14, Section 2: Shoguns and Samurai . Objectives. Today we will be learning about the rise of the samurai and the shogunate in Japan. Nara Period .

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Bellringer February 21, 2012

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  1. Bellringer February 21, 2012 • Take out Chapter 14 Notes Guide • Take out something to write with

  2. February 21, 2012 Chapter 14, Section 2:Shoguns and Samurai

  3. Objectives Today we will be learning about the rise of the samurai and the shogunate in Japan.

  4. Nara Period • *During the A.D. 700, Japan built a new capital city, Nara • Nara was a center of Gov’t and religion, and due to it’s importance it has a period named after it.

  5. Nara Period • *At Nara, Japan added to Shotoku’s ideas by putting gov’t officials into ranks. • *No more civil service exams, family ties = gov’t jobs • *Gov’t officials paid with estates.

  6. Nara Period • *Buddhism gains strength during Nara Period. • Buddhism spread quickly during the A.D. 600s & 700s • *Non Buddhist nobles opposed Buddhism though

  7. Nara Period • *A.D. 770 – a Buddhist monk tried to seize the throne. • *He was stopped by the emperor. • *As a result, emperor left Nara & Buddhist monks there.

  8. Rise of the Shogun • *A.D. 794, Emperor Kammu built Heian, the new capital city. • *Heian remained the capital for more than 1,000 years. • *A.D. 800s, emperor’s power declined b/c weak emperors

  9. Rise of the Shogun • Gov’t Weakens: • *Many child emperors • *Regents, court officials ruled for the child, but the regents refused to relinquish power.

  10. Rise of the Shogun • *Many regents came from the Fujiwara clan. • * They made the emperor a honored title, but powerless • *As a result, many nobles controlled the land = power. • *The nobles also didn’t have to pay taxes to the gov’t.

  11. Samurai • *To protect themselves, nobles formed private armies. • *Nobles gave land to warriors who agreed to fight = samurai • *Samurai = “One who serves”

  12. Samurai • Samurais fought their opponents with swords, daggers, and bows and arrows. • Wore leather or steel armor. • Their name means one who serves. • Their helmets were specially decorated.

  13. Samurai • *Bushido = “the way of the warrior” • *Samurais were to be brave, loyal, courageous, and honorable. • *Samurais were not concerned with wealth and would rather die than surrender. • WWII

  14. Shogun • *In the Gempei War, the Taira and the Minamoto family threw down. • *In 1185, the Minamoto defeated the Taira at Shikoku.

  15. Shogun • *Minamoto Yoritomo, leader of the Minamoto family, was a threat to the Yamato family. • *The emperor made Yoritomo shogun in order to keep him loyal.

  16. Shogun • *This military gov’t was known as a shogunate. • * Yoritomo was ruthless. He killed most of his family.

  17. Mongols • *The Mongols attacked in the late 1200s, but both of there attempts were foiled by kamikaze storms. • *Kamikaze means “Divine Wind”.

  18. Daimyo Divide Japan • *Over time, the samurais lost their loyalty to shoguns b/c they didn’t have enough land after dividing it btw their sons. • *1331, the emperor & samurai revolted against the gov’t, but the emperor still couldn’t give land to the samurais.

  19. Daimyo Divide Japan • *Ashikaga Takauji overthrew the emperor & made himself a shogun, • Starting the Ashikaga shogunate. • *Ash. shoguns were weak rulers & several revolts split the nation up into many territories with daimyos as their leaders.

  20. Daimyo Divide Japan • *Vassals = samurai who are given land in exchange for military service. • *The bond between lord and vassal is called feudalism.

  21. Daimyo Divide Japan • *The Onin war destroyed Kyoto almost completely & further weakened Japan. • *1567, powerful daimyo discouraged reunions and brought down the Ashikaga shogunate.

  22. Homework

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