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Presentation Outline. SAWS Desalination Program Disposal Options Screening Preferred Disposal Option Injection Wells Lessons Learned Future. SAWS Desalination Program. Production / Monitor Wells Reverse Osmosis Treatment Plant Pipeline System Brine Injection Wells Electrical System.

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Presentation Outline

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  1. Presentation Outline • SAWS Desalination Program • Disposal Options Screening • Preferred Disposal Option • Injection Wells • Lessons Learned • Future

  2. SAWS Desalination Program • Production / Monitor Wells • Reverse Osmosis • Treatment Plant • Pipeline System • Brine Injection Wells • Electrical System

  3. Concentrate Quality

  4. Concentrate Screening • Traditional Disposal Options • Beneficial Use Options • Concentrate Volume Reduction / Zero Liquid Discharge

  5. Disposal Options Traditional Surface Water • Medina River • San Antonio River • Concerns • Permitting • Public Perception

  6. Disposal Options Traditional Surface Water • Mitchell Lake • Concerns • Limited Capacity • Salinity Impacts • Audubon Sanctuary Mitchell Lake

  7. Disposal Options Traditional Discharge to WRC • Through plant • Combine at outfall • Concerns • Biologic process impact • CPS Energy contract Impact Dos Rios WRC

  8. Disposal Options Traditional Evaporation Ponds • Concerns • Land requirements • Cost to construct • Carrizo Outcrop Courtesy: Ile de Re’, France

  9. Disposal Options Traditional Deep Well Injection • Concerns • Permitting • Depth and cost • Maintenance

  10. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Oil Field Pressure Maintenance • Concerns • Well Field proximity • Volume (1MGD) • Need for project life • Railroad Commission and TCEQ permits

  11. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Class II Oil Field Disposal Wells • Concerns • Currently not legal • Well Field proximity • Construction • Maintenance • Volume

  12. Disposal Options Beneficial Use Dust Control / Deicing Aquaculture • Shrimp farming • Algae farming • Concerns • Additional Facilities • Permitting Courtesy: Wikipedia

  13. Disposal Options Concentrate Volume Reduction • Thermal Brine Concentrators • High Efficiency Reverse Osmosis (HERO) • Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP)

  14. Disposal Options Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) • VSEP testing under TWDB grant • Processed concentrate from conventional pilot • Achieved a 50% recovery • Concerns • Capital and O&M costs • Chemical cleaning time requirements • Space requirements in the plant

  15. Preferred Disposal Option Deep Well Injection Formations Considered • Poth Sand • Olmos Sand • Austin Chalk • Edwards

  16. Lessons Learned Concentrate Disposal • Start as early as possible • Understand source water quality • Contact TCEQ for assistance • Understand the effects of concentrate on the overall disposal system

  17. Complete Edwards Injection Investigation Test existing Class II Injection Well Drill new Class I Test Injection Well Submit permit application for operation Follow technical developments of other disposal alternatives SAWS Future Disposal Work

  18. Continue to support use of the General Class I permit for injection of brine from a municipal desalination facility Investigate the use of existing Class II Injection Wells for disposal of brine Continue to support research and piloting of new concentrate disposal technology Long-Range Outlook

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