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Gas Laws Review

Comprehensive review of gas laws including Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law with solved problems and explanations. Learn how pressure, volume, and temperature of gases are interrelated.

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Gas Laws Review

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  1. Gas Laws Review

  2. (1) • A sample of helium has a volume of 3 liters when the pressure is 500 torr. What volume does the gas occupy at 300 torr?

  3. (1) ANSWER • 5 L

  4. (2) • How are pressure and temperature related?

  5. (2) ANSWER • Directly proportional

  6. (3) • How would you convert a Celsius temperature to a Kelvin temperature?

  7. (3) ANSWER • Add 273

  8. (4) A child receives a balloon filled with 2.30 L of helium from a vendor at an amusement park. The temperature outside is 311 K. What will be the volume of the balloon when the child brings it home to an air-conditioned house at 295 K?

  9. (4) ANSWER • 2.18 L

  10. (5) A small 2.00 L fire extinguisher has an internal pressure of 506.6 kPa at 25.0°C. What volume of methyl bromide, the fire extinguisher’s main ingredient, is needed to fill an empty fire extinguisher at standard pressure if the temperature remains constant?

  11. (5) ANSWER 10.0 L (9.97 L if converted to atm to solve)

  12. (6) At a deep sea station 200. m below the surface of the Pacific Ocean, workers live in a highly pressurized environment. How many liters of gas at STP on the surface (which is at atmospheric pressure) must be compressed to fill the underwater environment with 2.00 x 107 liters of gas at 20.0 atm?

  13. (6) ANSWER • 4.00 x 108 L

  14. (7) • How are pressure and volume related?

  15. (7) ANSWER • Inversely proportional

  16. (8) Suppose you have a 500. mL container that contains 0.0500 mol of oxygen gas at 25.0oC. What is the pressure inside the container?

  17. (8) ANSWER • 2.45 atm

  18. (9) 2 points How many grams of oxygen gas in a 10.0 L container exert a pressure of 97.0 kPa at a temperature of 25.0 °C ?

  19. (9) ANSWER • 12.5 g O2

  20. (10) A helium balloon has a volume of 500. mL at STP. What will be it new volume if the temperature is increased to 325 K and its pressure is increased to 125 kPa?

  21. (10) ANSWER • 0.483 L

  22. (11) • TRUE OR FALSE: At higher temperatures, gases have lower kinetic energies

  23. (11) ANSWER • False

  24. (12) The air in a balloon has a volume of 3.00 L and exerts a pressure of 101 kPa at 300.0K. What pressure does the air in the balloon exert if the temperature is increased to 400.0 K and the air is allowed to expand to 15.0 L?

  25. (12) ANSWER • 26.9 kPa

  26. (13) • How are volume and temperature related?

  27. (13) ANSWER • Directly proportional

  28. (14) • What is the device called that measures atmospheric pressure?

  29. (14) ANSWER • Barometer

  30. (15) 2 pts • Who invented the barometer?

  31. (15) ANSWER • Evangelista Torricelli

  32. (16) • How many moles of gas occupy 98 L at a pressure of 2.8 atm and a temperature of 292 K?

  33. (16) ANSWER • 11 moles

  34. (17) • What is the difference between STP and standard conditions?

  35. (17) ANSWER • STP is 273 K (OoC) and 1 atm • Standard conditions is 298 K (25oC) and 1 atm

  36. (18) • TRUE OR FALSE: Gas molecules strongly attract one another.

  37. (18) ANSWER • False

  38. (19) 2 points • Which 2 properties of gases explain why you can smell air freshener across a room.

  39. (19) ANSWER • 1) Gases diffuse through other gases • 2) Gases uniformly fill their container

  40. (20) 2 pts • At STP a tank is filled with 22.4-L nitrous oxide. How many moles of gas are in the tank when the volume changes to 17.4 L?

  41. (20) ANSWER • 0.777 mol

  42. (21) 3 points • A 4.25 g sample of fluorine at STP is in a sealed container. When the pressure changes to 0.25 atm and the temperature drops to 200. K, what is the new volume?

  43. (21) ANSWER • 7.3 L • 7.4 L acceptable

  44. (22) 2 points • The pressure of a gas changes form 120 kPa to 50 kPa. The volume changes from 45 L to 40. L. If the initial temperature is 81oC, what is Mrs. Ward’s favorite number?

  45. (22) ANSWER • 2

  46. (23) What volume of 44.01 mol of carbon dioxide gas is present at STP?

  47. (23) ANSWER • 22.4 L

  48. (24) *HONORS* • If 5.0 moles of O2 and 3.0 moles of N2 are placed in a 30.0 L tank at a temperature of 25oC, what will the pressure of the resulting mixture of gases be?

  49. (24) ANSWER • 6.5 atm

  50. (25) *HONORS* • The mole fraction of helium in a tank full of helium, neon, and krypton gases is 0.256. What is the total pressure in the tank if the partial pressure of helium is 0.500 atm?

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