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APACHE WEB SERVER

APACHE WEB SERVER. Presented by Lonnye Bower Fardin Khan Chris Orona. Introduction and Installation of Apache Server. Note: Images courtesy of apache.org. Introduction to Apache. Apache is a web server package that works under Linux as well as under other operating systems

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APACHE WEB SERVER

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  1. APACHE WEB SERVER Presented by Lonnye Bower Fardin Khan Chris Orona

  2. Introduction and Installation of Apache Server Note: Images courtesy of apache.org

  3. Introduction to Apache • Apache is a web server package that works under Linux as well as under other operating systems • The name Apache comes from the concept of extensive patching of existing code • The primary advantage of Apache is that it is generally free or available at modest costs

  4. Installing Apache

  5. Installing Apache From a CD-ROM • If your CD-ROM has Apache and you want to use RPM to install the package, issue this command • rpm –i apache_1_3_4.rpm (substitute the full name of the Apache package)

  6. Installing Apache From a Download • Place the downloaded files in a location that will be dedicated to the Apache files, such as /usr/apache • Uncompress the files using either gzip or tar and compress • You must edit the configuration file • You can find more information about this in the Readme file

  7. Installing Apache… (con’t) • Uncomment all the Modules in the configuration file except • cern_meta_module • msql_auth_module • dld_module • Choose either db_auth_module or dbm_auth_module; they should not be used together

  8. Installing Apache… (con’t) • Create the configuration file for Linux by issuing the command • Configure • Compile Apache by issuing the make command • The most common error message encountered concerns the socket.h library, most likely because TCP/IP is not installed

  9. Installing Apache… (con’t) • The result of the compilation will be a binary file called httpd • Copy this file into /bin or /usr/bin, where it will reside in the path

  10. Setting Up the Website

  11. Setting Up the Website • Create the home directory for the website, we will use /usr/www/ganesan • Create 3 subdirectories under the site directory • conf • htdocs • logs

  12. Setting Up the Website (con’t) • You will find a subdirectory called conf under the directory where you installed Apache • Copy 3 files (srm.conf-didst, access.conf-dist, http.conf-dist) from this directory into /usr/www/ganesan/conf • If you cannot find the 3 files, use the find command to find them

  13. Setting Up the Website (con’t) • Rename the 3 files you just copied to drop the “-dist” portion of the name • Edit the httpd.conf file to specify • the port number on which your web server responds • the user running the httpd daemon, etc… • Specify the server name • ServerName ganesan.com

  14. Setting Up the Website (con’t) • Add a line that specifies the root directory for your website • DocumentRoot /usr/www/ganesan/htdocs • Edit the srm.conf file to set up the web home directory and any special internal command usage • Edit the access.conf file to set a basic set of access permissions

  15. Setting Up the Website (con’t) • In the htdocs directory create an HTML file for the server to read when it starts • This can be any HTML file • The filename should be default.html • Start the httpd daemon • httpd –f /usr/www/ganesan/conf

  16. Setting Up the Website (con’t) • Test the web server by starting a browser and specify the URL http://127.0.0.1/ • If the system is working properly, you will see a screen with a list of files in the htdocs directory

  17. Server Configuration

  18. Server Configuration • Make sure the ServerType directive is set to “standalone” • Check the Port device to make sure it is set to the TCP/IP port to which your Apache server listens • Set the User directive to either the user ID (UID) or the user name used for all web visitors

  19. Server Configuration (con’t) • Set the Group directive to either the group ID (GID) or the group name assigned to all web users • Modify the ServerAdmin directive to include the e-mail address of the administrator • Set the ServerRoot directive to the absolute path to the directory where all Apache resource and configuration files are stored • /usr/apache/conf or /etc/httpd

  20. Server Configuration (con’t) • Set the ServerName directive to the fully qualified domain name of your server

  21. Starting and Stopping Apache

  22. Starting and Stopping Apache • If you are running Apache as a standalone server, you need to start and stop Apache manually • Start with httpd –d rootdir –f configs • To stop Apache use ps to detect the httpd daemon’s PID and use the kill command to terminate the process

  23. A Note on Starting and Stopping Apache • Later versions of Apache include a script that does the start and stop tasks for you

  24. Virtual Hosting

  25. Virtual Hosts • A virtual host is a web server that resides on one domain but acts as if it was on another. For example, suppose you control ganesan.com and cis454.com. Instead of setting up 2 servers, you can set up a single machine that serves both domains. • Virtual hosting saves on machinery and allows for a lot of flexibility in setting up web servers

  26. Setting Up Virtual Hosting • If your network uses a name server for DNS, modify it so that the domain name points to your web server for each domain you’ll host • Use the ifconfig command to set up the IP address for each domain on your server • ifconfig eth0:1 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

  27. Setting Up Virtual Hosting (con’t) • Add the route to the network configuration using the route command • route add –host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx dev eth0:1 • Edit the Apache httpd.conf file to set up virtual hosting • <VirtualHost www.cis454.com> DocumentRoot /usr/www/cis454/htdocs TransferLog /usr/www/cis454/logs/access ErrorLog /usr/www/cis454/logs/errors </VirtualHost>

  28. Setting Up Virtual Hosting (con’t) • The previous step defines the virtual host for cis454.com and specifies its DocumentRoot, since each virtual host will have different web directories • If more than one virtual host is defined, the entries are to be repeated for each

  29. A Final Note • There are many more configuration options possible with Apache, but they are usually used for commercial sites that require authentication or special handling characteristics

  30. Key Terms • Apache • conf • Server Name • Virtual Hosting • ifconfig

  31. Apache Resources • For more information on Apache go to • www.apache.org • www.apacheweek.com • dev.apache.org

  32. Thank You and Good Luck! If you have any questions regarding Apache and/or any part of this presentation, please feel free to email: Lonnye Bower at Lonnye@aol.com Chris Orona at corona@calstatela.edu Fardin Khan at Fardin24@aol.com

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