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Approaches for Benchmarking Energy Performance

Approaches for Benchmarking Energy Performance. by Terry Sharp ASHRAE Winter Meeting - 2002. http://www.energystar.gov/ http://eber.ed.ornl.gov/benchmark/. Benchmarking Approaches. Averages Medians Simple Ranking Normalized Ranking. 25. Median =72 (50%). 20. Average =90 (62%). 15.

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Approaches for Benchmarking Energy Performance

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  1. Approaches for Benchmarking Energy Performance by Terry Sharp ASHRAE Winter Meeting - 2002 http://www.energystar.gov/ http://eber.ed.ornl.gov/benchmark/

  2. Benchmarking Approaches • Averages • Medians • Simple Ranking • Normalized Ranking

  3. 25 Median =72 (50%) 20 Average =90 (62%) 15 Sample Percent 10 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 160 200 Energy Use Intensity Bin (kBtu/sqft-yr) Distributions of Building Energy Use Intensities (EUIs) Are Skewed

  4. EUIs: Averages Versus Medians 71 69 69 80 64 54 60 Location in Distribution 40 (%) 20 0 Educ. Office Lodge Health Food 50 50 50 50 50 Median EUI 69 69 71 54 64 Average EUI

  5. 25 Median =72 (50%) 20 Average =90 (62%) 15 Sample Percent 10 5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 160 200 Energy Use Intensity Bin (kBtu/sqft-yr) Distributions of Building Energy Use Intensities (EUIs) Are Skewed

  6. 100 80 60 Cumulative Percent 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 160 200 Energy Use Intensity Bin (kBtu/sqft-yr) A Cumulative Distribution of Building EUIs Can Be Used to Rank

  7. Rating: Rating 51 100 X-- MacAuthur High 80 Electric Other Use Fuel Use 60 (kWh) (MMBtu) 860000 2840 40 Beeks Elem -----X X-- Boone Floor 20 EUI Area (sq-ft) (kBtu/sf) 0 103000 114 0 50 100 150 200 Sample Energy Use Intensity (kBtu/sf-yr) size: 259 A Cumulative Distribution Can Serve as a Rating Tool

  8. 10000 1000 EUI (kBtu/sqft-yr) 100 10 1 0.1 1.0 10.0 Worker Density (number/1000 sqft) Building Operational Characteristics Impact Energy Use Intensity

  9. Drivers of Energy Use

  10. Rating: 51 Electric Other Use Fuel Use (kWh) (MMBtu) 860000 2840 Floor EUI Area (sq-ft) (kBtu/sf) 103000 114 Sample size: 259 A Cumulative Distribution Can Serve as a Rating Tool Rating 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 50 100 150 200 Energy Use Intensity (kBtu/sf-yr)

  11. Site and Source Energy Use Conversions • Site basis: • 1 kWh = 3.412 Btu • Source basis: • 1 kWh = 3.412 x 3.02 = 10.3 Btu

  12. For Comparisons, Understanding Site and Source Energy Is Critical Rating 80 -- Part electric All electric -- 40 0 Energy Use Intensity (kBtu/sf-yr)

  13. Summary • Beware averages • Simple ranking by EUI is a good approximation for comparisons • Ranking where important secondary drivers are accounted for is best • Limited and simple data needed • Tools can provide rapid snapshot of cost reduction / improvement potential

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