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History of Computers

History of Computers. Part One. The Computer. What is a computer? A machine that is designed to do specific tasks in order to save time and make our lives easier!. Pre-Computers. 1. Language People primarily communicated through spoken language. 2. Paper/Ink

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History of Computers

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  1. History of Computers Part One

  2. The Computer What is a computer? A machine that is designed to do specific tasks in order to save time and make our lives easier!

  3. Pre-Computers 1. Language People primarily communicated through spoken language. 2. Paper/Ink Created records by writing everything down and saving papers. 3. Abacus Used to help count in trade deals then eventually used by children to learn math.

  4. Pre-Computers • 4. Pascal’s Slide Rule – 1600’s • A mechanical adding / subtracting machine with gears. • An enhanced version of the Abacus • Used notched dials and • internal wheels to move • the answer indicator • along as it counted

  5. Pre-Computers 5. Babbage’s Engine 1800’s – an English mathematician tried to complete a mechanical (not electronic) analytical engine that would string together hole punched cards and produce a result.

  6. Pre-Computers 6. Hollerith’s Tabulator • Invented by Henry Hollerith (late 1800’s) • More efficient than Babbage’s Engine • Calculated the 1888 population of London.

  7. First Computers • The first computers of the modern age were code breaking, encryption machines used in WWII.

  8. Enigma • A machine used by the Nazi-Germans to break code. • U.S. acquired this machine through the British who stole it from the Germans during the WWII. • A starting point for us to build our own encryption machine

  9. Computers and Government • During WWII, the US govt. used computers for: Coding / Decoding Troop movement Supply movement Radar tracking Designing Jet planes

  10. Computers in the 1940’s • Made of circuit boards and vacuum tubes • No screens • Data was outputted through the machine in the form of a hole punched 80 column card which revealed the answer. • Were Enormous!

  11. Computers in the 1950’s • Transistors were invented. • Less circuit boards / vacuum tubes needed • Made computers smaller, faster, more powerful and less expensive. • Computers now only took up 1 room!

  12. Computers and Business • With Mainframe computers (Transistors) at a manageable size, Businesses began to buy for use in the work place.

  13. International Business Machines (IBM) • “Big Blue” was the most powerful computer company around • Sold mainframes to companies • First two business mainframes: • Eniac • Univac

  14. ENIAC / UNIVAC

  15. Computers in the 1960’s • “The Mini-computer Era” • Silicon chips invented (Silicon Valley, CA) • Smaller, faster, more powerful, cheaper • Sized reduced to about 1/4th of a room. • All programmed in Binary language.

  16. Computers in the 1970’s • Micro chips invented! • Companies started selling “computer kits” to the public. • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak come together and start business called “Apple”. • Focus on personal computers.

  17. Apple vs. Microsoft Pirates of Silicon Valley

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