Ancient Egypt: The Rule of The God King

1. Ancient Egypt: The Rule of The God King The Middle Kingdom: 2060-1785 B.C. The New Kingdom:1570-1085 B.C.

2. The Middle Kingdom: 2060- 1785 B.C. • Amenemhat I of Thebes (1991-1962 B.C.) introduced prosperity again to Egypt by conquering Nubia • Nubia introduced black goods and culture from sub-Africa • Under Amenemhat I irrigation was pursued and he was the first pharaoh to pursue established trade with other countries

3. The Middle Kingdom: 2060- 1785 B.C. • Hyksos concqueroed Egypt in 1650 B.C. and introduced the chariot, bronze weapons and body amour • Adopt weapons and strategy of conquering others from past experiences • Pharaoh's will now seek to build own empires • Empire are lands conquered and brought together under one government

4. The New Kingdom:1570-1085 B.C. • Egyptian empire expands further into Nile Valley, Syria, Libya, Palestine and Lebanon • Conquered areas introduce slaves who bring their culture to the Egyptians • Not all pharaohs want expanding empires but a return to the Old Kingdom

5. The New Kingdom:1570-1085 B.C. • Hatshepsut (1504-1482 B.C.) female pharaoh who introduced a period of peace and commissioned some of the finest monuments of Egyptian architecture. • To gain acceptance from her followers she had all statues portray her as a man and she strengthened the army • Assassinated by her nephew Thutmose III who expands the empire

6. The New Kingdom:1570-1085 B.C. • Amenhotep IV (1377-1360) pushed for the worship of a single god called Aten, the sun disk, the people rejected his ideas and abandoned them soon after his death. • Monotheism, the worship of one god • Introduced naturalism art style which introduced natural look to artwork • His wife Nefertriti is believed to have shared in vision and in rule

7. The New Kingdom:1570-1085 B.C. • He became spiritual leader or “spiritual link to Aten” as opposed to powerful priests • During rule Akhenaten concentrated on building a city that was Akhetaten • He moved the capital Thebes to Akhetaten which weakened priests hold

9. The Twilight of Egyptian Empire :1360-1000 B.C. • Tutankhamun, (1333-1323) reign began when he was 9 • Under his rule Amenhotep’s changes were reversed • Priest regain power • Capital moved back to Thebes • Return to worship of old gods

10. The Twilight of Egyptian Empire :1360-1000 B.C. • Ramses II (1279-1213 B.C.) strongly reinforced a return to the old gods of Egypt • Expanded the empire of Egypt out of the Nile Valley up to the frontier of Syria • Fought the Hittites to a draw at the Battle of Kadesh (1273 B.C.)

11. The Twilight of Egyptian Empire :1360-1000 B.C. • Kadesh was a massive battle of men and over 5,000 war chariots • Ramses II almost lost the Egyptian army by dividing forces to meet an unknown force • He signed the first recognized peace treaty in history between the another nation (Hittites)

12. The Twilight of Egyptian Empire :1360-1000 B.C. • Majority of wounds were smashed heads • Understood fever,checked pulse rate, use casts and skull wounds • Replaced fractured skull pieces, applied disinfectant made of wine and rose oil with bandages • Majority of experience came from head wounds

14. The Twilight of Egyptian Empire :1360-1000 B.C. • After Ramses II the following pharaohs could not protect the kingdom • Nubians, Libyans and Persians would eventually conqueror the jewel of the Nile • It will be another 1,000 years till Egypt rises to the forefront of power in the ancient world